Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2015 Apr 26;5:20. doi: 10.1186/s13578-015-0011-4

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© Ingram et al. 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

PMC Copyright notice

Differential cytokine responses to anthrax LF domain IV following cutaneous infection or AVP vaccination. Cells from individuals exposed to LF as a result of (▼) natural cutaneous infection (n = 8–9), or (▲) AVP vaccination (n = 8–10) and (■) unexposed healthy controls (n = 5-10) were stimulated with 25 μg/ml of LF domain IV in vitro, and the cytokine profile of the supernatants assessed by either ELIspot, Luminex or ELISA. ELIspot results (A) are expressed as the mean ΔSpot Forming Cells (SFC)/10⁶ PBMCs (stimulated – unstimulated background level), while the ELISA and Luminex values are given as the mean Δpg/ml detected for (B) TNFα, (C) IL-5, (D) IL-13, (E) IL-9, (F) IL-17, (G) IL-22 and (H) IL-10. * denotes a significantly greater cytokine production in comparison to the unexposed controls (p ≤ 0.05), as determined by Kruskal Wallis with Dunns multiple comparison test performed using GraphPad Prism version 5.01 for Windows, GraphPad Software, La Jolla California USA.