Table 1.

Demographic characteristics and MMSE score of the two subsamples [i.e., the normal control group who remained healthy (NC–NC) and the initially healthy participants who progressed to AD dementia (NC–AD)]

	NC–NCa (n = 26)	NC–ADb (n = 26)	T/χ 2	p value
Age ± SDc (years)	72.3 ± 5.4	72.8 ± 4.6	0.33	0.74
Education ± SD (years)	12.8 ± 2.8	12.6 ± 2.7	−0.20	0.84
%women	42.3	42.3	0.00d	1.00
MMSEe ± SD	29.1 ± 1.0	28.7 ± 1.4	−1.15	0.26
Observation time ± SD (years)	10.8 ± 3.03	7.8 ± 2.7	−3.74	<0.001

^aNC–NC = cognitively healthy participants who remained healthy

^bNC–AD = initially healthy participants who progressed to Alzheimer’s disease dementia

^c SD standard deviation

^d χ ² test

^e MMSE Mini-mental state examination [29]