Figure 2. TPA, a PKC activator, increases tight junction barrier function together with upregulation of the tight junction proteins, occludin, zona occludens (ZO)-1 and -2, and claudin-1, at the transcriptional level in human nasal epithelial cells. It also affects the subcellular localization of the tight junction proteins and the numbers of tight junction strands. PKC signaling enhances the barrier function via transcriptional upregulation of tight junction proteins.
