Table 2.
Outcomes of included trials on omega 6 reducing strategies lipid emulsions
| Study | LOS days | Ventilator days | Other | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Long Chain Triglyceride (LCT) plus Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT) vs. LCT | ||||||
| Nijveldt 1998 |
LCT + MCT 13.8 ± 2.9 (12) |
LCT 17.4 ± 3.0 (8) |
LCT + MCT NR |
LCT NR |
NR | |
| Lindgren 2001 |
LCT + MCT NR |
LCT NR |
LCT + MCT NR |
LCT NR |
LCT + MCT | LCT |
| Adverse effects | ||||||
| 5/15 (33) | 4/15 (27) | |||||
| Nitrogen balance at day 3 | ||||||
| 2.6 ± 5.6 gms | −11.7 ± 4.8 gms | |||||
| Garnacho-Montero 2002 |
LCT + MCT ICU 16.6 ± 6.1 (35) |
LCT ICU 15.8 ± 7 (37) |
LCT + MCT NR |
LCT NR |
LCT + MCT | LCT |
| Retinol binding protein | ||||||
| 1.7 ± 1 | 0.8 ± 0.6 | |||||
| Nitrogen balance | ||||||
| 14.2 ± 2.9 | 11.6 ± 4 | |||||
| Iovinelli 2007 |
LCT + MCT NR |
LCT NR |
LCT + MCT 10.6 ± 3.0 (12) |
LCT 13.4 ± 3.5 (12) |
LCT + MCT | LCT |
| Time before weaning | ||||||
| 52 ± 36 hrs | 127 ± 73 hrs | |||||
| Fish oil (ω 3) containing emulsions in PN fed patients vs. LCT or LCT+MCT | ||||||
| Grecu 2003* |
Omegaven ICU 3.32 ± 1.48 (8) Hospital 11.68 ± 2.04 (28) |
LCT ICU 9.28 ± 3.08 (7) Hospital 20.46 ± 3.27 (26) |
Omegaven 2.83 ± 1.62 (8) |
LCT 5.23 ± 2.80 (7) |
Omegaven | LCT |
| Patients undergoing reoperation for septic episode | ||||||
| 2/28 (7) | 8/26 (31) | |||||
| Friesecke 2008 |
FO ICU 28 ± 25 (83) |
LCT ICU 23 ± 20 (82) |
LCT + MCT + FO 22.8 ± 22.9 (83) |
LCT+MCT 20.5 ± 19.0 (82) |
LCT + MCT + FO | LCT+MCT |
| Urinary Tract Infections | ||||||
| 6/83 (7) | 4/82 (5) | |||||
| Catheter-related infections | ||||||
| 1/83 (1) | 3/83 (4) | |||||
| Total EN Energy Intake (kcal/kg) | ||||||
| 22.2 ± 5.5 | 21.6 ± 5.6 | |||||
| Wang 2009 | NA | NA | NA | NA | Omegaven | LCT |
| Surgery of infected pancreatic necrosis | ||||||
| 3/28 (11) | 6/28 (21) | |||||
| Barbosa 2010 |
MCT+LCT+FO ICU 12 ± 14.4a (13) Hospital 22 ± 25.2 a (13) |
MCT+LCT ICU 13 ± 12.6 a (10) Hospital 55 ± 50 a.6 (10) |
MCT+LCT+FO 10 ± 14.4 (13) |
MCT+LCT 11 ± 12.64 (10) |
MCT+LCT+ FO 2057± 418 kcals |
MCT+LCT 1857 ± 255 kcals |
| Olive oil containing emulsions vs. LCT or LCT+MCT | ||||||
| Garcia-de-Lorenzo 2005 |
Clinoleic ICU 32.9 ± 10.6a (11) Hospital 57 ± 15.3a (11) |
Lipofundin ICU 41.8 ± 16.3a (11) Hospital 64.9 ± 27.2a (11) |
Clinoleic 11.0 ± 11.93a (11) |
Lipofundin 13.0 ± 16.25a (11) |
Clinoleic | Lipofundin |
| Multiple organ dysfunction score | ||||||
| 11.0 ± 3.6 | 13.0 ± 4.9 | |||||
| Huschak 2005** |
High fat + Clinoleic ICU 17.9 ± 11.2 (18) |
Low fat + LCT+MCT ICU 25.1 ± 7.0 (15) |
High fat + Clinoleic 13.0 ± 8.9 (18) |
Low fat + LCT+MCT 20.4 ± 7.0 (15) |
High fat + Clinoleic | Low fat + LCT + MCT |
| Total Energy Intake (kcal/kg) | ||||||
| 17.9 ± 6.3 | 22.3 ± 4.2 | |||||
| Umperrez 2012 |
Clinoleic ICU 17 ± 18 (51) Hospital 40.8 ± 36 (51) |
Intralipid ICU 15.2 ± 14 (49) Hospital 46.7 ± 48 (51) |
Clinoleic NR |
Intralipid NR |
Clinoleic | Intralipid |
| Total Energy Intake (kcal/kg) | ||||||
| 22 ± 6 | 22 ±5 | |||||
| Pontes-Arruda 2013 |
Clinoleic ICU 12 (7–17) Hospital 21 (15–25) |
MCT/LCT ICU 11 (5–14) Hospital 18 (13–23) |
NA | NA | Clinoleic | MCT/LCT |
| Nutritional Intake | ||||||
| Lipids (g/day) | ||||||
| 66 (61–73) | 61 (54–67) | |||||
| Days on PN | ||||||
| 12 (8–15) | 11 (7–15) | |||||
| Dextrose (g/day) | ||||||
| 288 (275–303) | 281 (273–301) | |||||
| AAs (g/day) | ||||||
| 87 (84–90) | 87 (83–92) | |||||
Abbreviations: EN: enteral nutrition; FO: fish oil; ICU: intensive care unit; LCT: long chain triglycerides; LOS: length of stay; MCT: medium chain triglycerides; NA: non attribuible; NR: not reported; PN: parenteral nutrition;
†
hospital mortality unless specified;
‡
number of patients with infections unless specified;
*
data obtained from author, 8 out of 28 in Omegaven and 7 out of 26 in LCT group were in ICU;
**
intervention includes high fat low carbohydrates PN plus fish oil;
a
converted Standard Error Mean (SEM) to Standard deviation (SD)