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. 2015 May 23;12:102. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0324-6

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© Lee et al. 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 3 — Time-course analysis of heat stress-induced activation of astrocytes and microglia in mouse hippocampus. The presence of astrogliosis (a) and microgliosis (b) was determined using glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and macrophage-1 antigen (Mac-1) staining, respectively. Quantification of GFAP- and Mac-1-stained cells was performed by measuring the area fraction of GFAP and Mac-1-immunoreactive cells/areas in the CA3 of the hippocampus. Scale bar = 50 μm. Values are expressed as means ± S.E.M. *** p < 0.001 indicates that the mean value was significantly different from the control group