Table 1. Histologic effects of thermal ablation modalities (radio-frequency, microwave ablation, and cryo-ablation) and irreversible electroporation.
| Effect | Thermal ablation | Irreversible electroporation |
|---|---|---|
| Act of damage | Entire cell | Only cell membrane |
| Protein denaturation | Typical | Not present |
| Blood flow | Effects efficacy ablation | No effect |
| Connective tissue | Damaged | Spared |
| Region of damage | Gradual change | Better defined |
| IHC effects | Present | Not present |
IHC, immuno-histochemistry.