Table 5.
Mixed effects linear regression of monthly prevalence (per 1000) and calendar time (months) adjusted for fixed effects (age, sex and clinic) and random effects (monthly clustering)
| Diarrhoea < 1 month1 β (95 % CI) [p-value) | Malaria2 β (95 % CI) [p-value) | Geohelminths3 β (95 % CI) [p-value) | Bacterial Pneumonia4 β (95 % CI) [p-value) | Kaposis sarcoma5 β (95 % CI) [p-value) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time* | −0.017 | −0.018 | −0.003 | −0.01 | 0.004 |
| (−0.0172 to −0.0168) | (−0.018 to −0.017) | (−0.003 to −0.002) | (−0.01 to −0.01) | (0.0006 to to.007 | |
| [<0.001] | [<0.001] | [<0.001] | [<0.001] | [0.020] | |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Male | 0 .0026 | −0.061 | −0.002 | 0.004 | −0.08 |
| (−0.018 to 0.013) [0.743] | (−0.11 to −0.015) [,0.009] | (−0.019 to 0.014) [0.763] | (−0.039 to0.049) [0.845] | (−0.33 to 0.18) [0.544] | |
| Age | |||||
| <30 yrs | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 30-39 | −0.0019 | 0.09 | 0.015 | 0.03 | −0.26 |
| (−0.017 to 0.014) | (0.05 to 0.13) | (−0.001 to 0.03) | (−0.012 to 0.072) | (−0.57 to .049) | |
| [0.809] | [0.001] | [0.071] | [0.168] | [0.100] | |
| 40+ | −0.0047 | 0.096 | 0.011 | −0.007 | −0.30 |
| (−0.0134to 0.023) | (0.04to 0.15) | (−0.008 to 0.029) | (−0.06 to 0.045) | (−0.70 to 0.11) | |
| [0.612] | [<0.001] | [0.269] | [0.789] | [0.148] | |
| HIV clinic | |||||
| Tororo | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Mulago | −0.072 | 0.056 | 0.016 | 0.026 | −0.014 |
| (−0.09 to −0.05) | (0.02to 0.13) | (−0.002 to 0.035) | (−0.024to 0.077) | (−0.29 to 0.26) | |
| [<0.001] | [0.129] | [0.083] | [0.306] | [0.920] | |
| Mbarara | −0.033 | 0.43 | 0.022 | 0.018 | 0.12 |
| (−0.08 to −0.017) | (0.37 to 0.49) | (0.006 to 0.039) | (−0.037to 0.073) | (−0.17 to 0.42) | |
| [0.001] | [,0.001] | [0.009] | [0.518] | [0.404] | |
| Constant (β0 ) | 4.7 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 3.4 | 0.64 |
| (4.6 to 4.8) | (3.7to 3.9) | (4.2 to 4.3) | (3.3 to 3.5) | (0.27 to 1.03) | |
| [<0.001] | [<0.001] | [<0.001] | [<0.001] | (0.001) | |
| Month | |||||
| δ2 μ | 0.0063 | 0.007 | 0.0016 | 0.017 | 0.044 |
| (95 % CI) | (0.0028 to 0.014) | (0.003 to 0.019 | (0007to 0.004) | (0.007 to 0.040) | (0.008 to 0.22) |
| [SE] | [0.003] | [0.003] | [0.0007] | [0.007] | [0.036] |
| δ2 ε | 0.071 | 0.26 | 0.087 | 0.179 | 0.32 |
| (95 % CI) | (0.069 to 0.074) | (0.25 to 0.28) | (0.084 to 0.09) | (0.17 to 0.19) | (0.23 to 0.42) |
| [SE] | [0.001] | [0.007] | [0.0014] | [0.006] | [0.048] |
*Time =144 months, β = beta coefficient, SE = standard error, CI = confidence interval, δ2 ε = Residual variance
δ2 μ = random effect monthly variance
1Natural log monthly prevalence (per 1000) for Diarrhoea (<1 month)
2Natural log monthly prevalence (per 1000) for Malaria
3Natural log monthly prevalence (per 1000) for Geohelminths
4Natural log monthly prevalence (per 1000) for Bacterial Pneumonia
5Natural log monthly prevalence (per 1000) for Kaposis sarcoma