Table 2.
Pregnancy and Delivery Outcomes by Diagnostic Groups With and Without ART Treatment
| Factor | Fertile | Male Factor | Endometriosis | P Endo | Ovulation Disorders | P Ov Disord | Tubal | Inflammation | P Tubal/Inflam | P All Groups | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No-ART | ART | ART | No-ART | ART | No ART | ART | No ART | |||||
| (N) | 297,987 | 1,901 | 406 | 590 | 676 | 833 | 706 | 2,675 | ||||
| Pregnancy Diagnoses (%) | ||||||||||||
| Pregnancy Hypertension | 8.4 | 15.2 | 11.8 | 11.0 | 0.69 | 18.3 | 11.9 | 0.0004 | 13.9 | 8.2 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Gestational Diabetes | 5.5 | 7.5 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 0.98 | 14.2 | 10.8 | 0.05 | 10.8 | 4.8 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Bleeding Diagnoses (%) | ||||||||||||
| Uterine bleeding | 0.5 | 2.6 | 5.4 | 2.2 | 0.01 | 3.0 | 1.9 | 0.19 | 3.1 | 1.4 | 0.002 | <0.0001 |
| Abruptio placenta | 0.7 | 1.7 | LN | LN | na | LN | LN | na | LN | 0.9 | na | <0.0001 |
| Excess bleeding in labor | 0.7 | 1.2 | LN | LN | na | 2.4 | LN | na | LN | 0.6 | na | 0.0004 |
| Placenta previa | 0.4 | 1.6 | LN | LN | na | LN | LN | na | 1.6 | LN | na | <0.0001 |
| Prenatal hospitalization (%) | ||||||||||||
| Emergency room visits | 22.1 | 13.4 | 14.5 | 48.0 | <0.0001 | 14.8 | 49.6 | <0.0001 | 18.0 | 60.5 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Observational stays | 12.5 | 14.1 | 15.5 | 23.6 | 0.002 | 15.4 | 24.0 | <0.0001 | 13.9 | 27.3 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Hospital admissions | 3.8 | 6.3 | 10.1 | 11.9 | 0.38 | 12.3 | 11.3 | 0.55 | 8.6 | 11.9 | 0.02 | <0.0001 |
| Labor & Delivery (%) | ||||||||||||
| Breech/Malpresentation | 4.3 | 13.5 | 12.1 | 3.7 | <0.0001 | 15.5 | 5.5 | <0.0001 | 13.6 | 3.2 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Cephalopelvic Disproportion | 2.6 | 2.7 | 4.2 | 3.4 | 0.51 | 1.8 | 4.1 | 0.01 | 3.1 | 2.0 | 0.08 | 0.07 |
| Mode of Delivery (%) | ||||||||||||
| Vaginal | 65.3 | 43.1 | 40.6 | 52.4 | 0.0003 | 43.5 | 61.5 | <0.0001 | 41.9 | 70.2 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| VBAC | 1.3 | 0.7 | LN | LN | na | LN | LN | na | LN | 1.0 | 0.48 | 0.03 |
| Forceps | 0.5 | 0.6 | LN | LN | na | LN | 0.0 | na | LN | LN | na | 0.07 |
| Vacuum | 3.6 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 0.61 | 3.4 | 2.5 | 0.31 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 0.84 | 0.08 |
| Primary cesarean | 18.7 | 42.1 | 44.6 | 29.5 | <0.0001 | 41.0 | 23.3 | <0.0001 | 38.4 | 16.5 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Repeat cesarean | 12.8 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 15.4 | 0.11 | 13.3 | 13.0 | 0.84 | 16.7 | 11.4 | <0.0001 | 0.003 |
| Plurality At Birth (%) | ||||||||||||
| Singleton | 98.6 | 74.0 | 72.4 | LN | <0.0001 | 71.0 | 96.0 | <0.0001 | 75.6 | 98.9 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Twins | 1.4 | 26.0 | 27.6 | LN | 29.0 | 4.0 | 24.4 | 1.1 | ||||
| Singleton Pregnancies (N) | 293,910 | 1,406 | 294 | LN | 480 | 800 | 534 | 2,646 | ||||
| Length of gestation (weeks, SD) | 39.0 (1.8) | 38.8 (1.9) | 38.6 (2.1) | 38.6 (1.9) | 0.97 | 38.3 (2.4) | 38.8 (2.2) | 0.0003 | 38.5 (2.3 | 38.6 (2.2) | 0.08 | <0.0001 |
| Preterm (<37 weeks) (%) | 6.2 | 8.4 | 8.8 | 10.3 | 0.49 | 13.1 | 9.1 | 0.02 | 11.2 | 9.9 | 0.35 | <0.0001 |
| Birthweight (grams, SD) | 3,369 (548) | 3,360 (577) | 3,351 (561) | 3,331 (599) | 0.63 | 3,238 (634) | 3,312 (619) | 0.04 | 3,269 (613) | 3,206 (595) | 0.03 | <0.0001 |
| Low Birthweight (<2,500 g) (%) | 5.2 | 6.6 | 4.4 | 7.6 | 0.08 | 9.4 | 7.8 | 0.31 | 7.9 | 9.3 | 0.29 | <0.0001 |
| Birthweight Z-Score (mean, SD) | 0.02 (0.97) | 0.04 (0.99) | 0.08 (0.94) | 0.04 (1.01) | 0.61 | −0.03 (0.96) | −0.00 (1.03) | 0.62 | 0.00 (0.96) | −0.16 (0.99) | 0.0005 | <0.0001 |
| ≤1.28 (10th %ile) (%) | 8.0 | 8.0 | 6.5 | 8.9 | 0.21 | 8.5 | 9.9 | 0.43 | 7.1 | 11.0 | 0.01 | <0.0001 |
| Twin Pregnancies (N) | 4,077 | 495 | 112 | LN | 196 | 33 | 172 | 29 | ||||
| Length of gestation (weeks, SD) | 35.6 (3.1) | 35.7 (2.8) | 35.8 (2.8) | 35.8 (2.5) | 0.96 | 35.2 (3.1) | 33.5 (4.9) | 0.07 | 35.7 (2.8 ) | 35.6 (2.8) | 0.83 | 0.05 |
| Preterm (<37 weeks) (%) | 52.4 | 50.9 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 1.00 | 60.2 | 69.7 | 0.30 | 54.1 | 55.2 | 0.91 | 0.13 |
| Birthweight (grams, SD) | 2,402 (613) | 2,461 (611) | 2,424 (622) | 2,452 (531) | 0.90 | 2,376 (617) | 2,029 (805) | 0.005 | 2,437 (556) | 2,267 (570) | 0.13 | 0.07 |
| 0 Low Birthweight (<2,500 g) (%) | 37.4 | 39.6 | 42.9 | 37.5 | 0.29 | 36.7 | LN | 0.22 | 33.7 | LN | 0.20 | 0.06 |
| 1 Low Birthweight (<2,500 g) (%) | 20.6 | 23.6 | 17.9 | 0.0 | 0.29 1.00 |
16.8 | LN | 0.22 0.08 |
25.0 | LN |
0.20 0.16 |
0.06 0.18 |
| 2 Low Birthweight (<2,500 g) (%) | 42.0 | 36.8 | 39.9 | 62.5 | 46.4 | 57.6 | 41.3 | 58.6 | ||||
| Any Low Birthweight (<2,500 g) (%) | 62.6 | 60.4 | 57.1 | 62.5 | 63.3 | 78.8 | 66.3 | 79.3 | ||||
| Birthweight Z-Score (mean, SD) | −0.62 (0.86) | −0.55 (0.86) | −0.66 (0.97) | −0.49 (0.71) | 0.63 | −0.51 (0.83) | −0.58 (0.95) | 0.69 | −0.54 (0.94) | −0.88 (0.86) | 0.08 | 0.10 |
| 0 ≤1.28 (10th %ile) (%) | 68.9 | 71.1 | 67.9 | 75.0 | 0.83 | 72.5 | 36.4 | 0.14 | 70.9 | 62.1 | 0.35 | 0.68 |
| 1 ≤1.28 (10th %ile) (%) | 21.6 | 21.8 | 21.4 | 12.5 | 0.83 1.00 |
21.9 | LN | 0.14 0.30 |
20.4 | LN |
0.35 0.34 |
0.68 0.78 |
| 2 ≤1.28 (10th %ile) (%) | 9.5 | 7.1 | 10.7 | 12.5 | 5.6 | LN | 8.7 | LN | ||||
| Any ≤1.28 (10th %ile) (%) | 31.1 | 28.9 | 32.1 | 25.0 | 27.6 | 36.4 | 29.1 | 37.9 | ||||
LN=Low numbers. Numbers in these cells are suppressed.
na= not calculated due to low numbers.