Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Data for Probands With a History of Psychosis and Healthy Controls
| Healthy Controls | Schizophrenia | Schizoaffective | Bipolar With Psychosis | Findings | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 258 | n = 212 | n = 131 | n = 192 | ||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| Age (years) | 37.45 | (12.63) | 34.66 | (12.31) | 35.61 | (11.64) | 35.93 | (12.89) | F = 2.02ns |
| Education (years) | 15.04 | (2.56) | 12.93 | (2.28) | 13.10 | (2.29) | 14.43 | (2.34) | F = 36.56a,** |
| Wide Range Achievement Test–IV: Reading test (SS) | 103.64 | (13.83) | 95.71 | (15.51) | 97.88 | (14.62) | 102.74 | (13.31) | F = 15.00b,** |
| N | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
| Sex | |||||||||
| Male | 107 | 41.5 | 141 | 66.53 | 52 | 39.7 | 69 | 35.9% | χ2 = 47.79c,** |
| Female | 151 | 58.5 | 71 | 33.5 | 79 | 60.3 | 123 | 64.1% | |
| Race | |||||||||
| Caucasian | 165 | 64.2 | 98 | 46.2 | 68 | 51.9 | 145 | 75.5 | χ2 = 50.07d,** |
| African-American | 69 | 26.8 | 101 | 47.6 | 55 | 42.0 | 37 | 19.3% | |
| Other | 23 | 8.9 | 13 | 6.1 | 8 | 6.1 | 10 | 5.2 | |
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||||
| Clinical variables | |||||||||
| PANSS total | 65.4 | 16.9 | 67.6 | 15.4 | 53.7 | 14.0 | F = 45.35e,** | ||
| PANSS positive | 16.7 | 5.6 | 17.7 | 4.8 | 12.9 | 4.5 | F = 49.46e,** | ||
| PANSS negative | 16.6 | 5.9 | 15.5 | 4.9 | 12.1 | 3.9 | F = 47.61e,** | ||
| YMRS | 5.3 | 5.9 | 7.1 | 6.5 | 5.8 | 6.6 | F = 3.80f,* | ||
| MADRS | 8.5 | 7.8 | 14.9 | 10.1 | 10.7 | 9.2 | F = 24.08g,** | ||
Note: aControls > schizophrenia and schizoaffective; bipolar > schizophrenia and schizoaffective.
bControls > schizophrenia and schizoaffective; bipolar > schizophrenia and schizoaffective.
cDisproportionate number of males in schizophrenia group.
dDisproportionate number of African-Americans in schizophrenia group.
eBipolar < schizophrenia and schizoaffective.
fSchizoaffective > schizophrenia.
gSchizoaffective > bipolar and schizophrenia.
*P < .05, **P ≤ .001.