Table 4. Cause-specific mortality rate ratios (MRR) comparing with the local-born population a and with peers in the Netherlands among Turkish- and Moroccan-born, both men and women.
| Suicide | Homicide | Cardiovascular diseases c | Respiratory diseases d | |||||
| MRR b vs. peers | MRR b vs. local-born | MRR b vs. peers | MRR b vs. local-born | MRR b vs. peers | MRR b vs. local-born | MRR b vs. peers | MRR b vs. local-born | |
| Local-born | ||||||||
| Netherlands | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.0 (ref.) | ||||
| France | 1.84 (1.80–1.88) | 0.82 (0.75–0.91) | 0.58 (0.58–0.59) | 0.82 (0.81–0.83) | ||||
| Denmark | 1.64 (1.59–1.69) | 1.50 (1.35–1.68) | 1.33 (1.31–1.34) | 1.37 (1.34–1.39) | ||||
| Turkish-born | ||||||||
| Netherlands | 1.0 (ref.) | 0.62 (0.52–0.73) | 1.0 (ref.) | 6.15 (5.11–7.40) | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.15 (1.08–1.21) | 1.0 (ref.) | 0.67 (0.61–0.74) |
| France | 0.91 (0.64–1.30) | 0.29 (0.21–0.40) | 0.48 (0.21–1.08) | 1.40 (0.66–2.94) | 0.56 (0.49–0.64) | 1.04 (0.92–1.18) | 0.91 (0.75–1.11) | 0.65 (0.54–0.77) |
| Denmark | 0.91 (0.52–1.61) | 0.42 (0.24–0.72) | 0.18 (0.09–0.39) | 1.92 (0.86–4.31) | 1.93 (1.62–2.28) | 1.77 (1.51–2.08) | 1.41 (0.99–1.99) | 0.77 (0.55–1.07) |
| Moroccan-born | ||||||||
| Netherlands | 1.0 (ref.) | 0.53 (0.43–0.64) | 1.0 (ref.) | 5.83 (4.74–7.18) | 1.0 (ref.) | 0.73 (0.68–0.79) | 1.0 (ref.) | 0.54 (0.48–0.61) |
| France | 1.44 (1.12–1.85) | 0.38 (0.33–0.44) | 0.22 (0.13–0.35) | 1.26 (0.81–1.94) | 0.60 (0.55–0.66) | 0.75 (0.70–0.79) | 1.13 (0.99–1.29) | 0.65 (0.60–0.69) |
| Denmark | 1.32 (0.42–4.16) | 0.48 (0.16–1.50) | 1.22 (0.39–3.83) | 5.00 (1.61–15.58) | 1.25 (0.69–2.26) | 0.74 (0.41–1.34) | 1.49 (0.66–3.34) | 0.80 (0.36–1.78) |
| Infectious diseases e | Cancer f | Unintentional injuries g | Other causes | |||||
| MRR b vs. peers | MRR b vs. local-born | MRR b vs. peers | MRR b vs. local-born | MRR b vs. peers | MRR b vs. local-born | MRR b vs. peers | MRR b vs. local-born | |
| Local-born | ||||||||
| Netherlands | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.0 (ref.) | ||||
| France | 1.52 (1.46–1.58) | 0.97 (0.97–0.98) | 2.00 (1.96–2.05) | 1.52 (1.50–1.54) | ||||
| Denmark | 1.58 (1.50–1.67) | 1.20 (1.18–1.21) | 2.34 (2.28–2.40) | 1.92 (1.90–1.95) | ||||
| Turkish-born | ||||||||
| Netherlands | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.48 (1.18–1.84) | 1.0 (ref.) | 0.63 (0.60–0.67) | 1.0 (ref.) | 0.81 (0.70–0.92) | 1.0 (ref.) | 2.36 (2.24–2.48) |
| France | 0.84 (0.54–1.33) | 0.83 (0.55–1.23) | 1.01 (0.90–1.13) | 0.62 (0.56–0.68) | 1.38 (1.07–1.77) | 0.58 (0.47–0.72) | 0.31 (0.26–0.36) | 0.45 (0.38–0.52) |
| Denmark | 1.39 (0.64–3.01) | 0.77 (0.37–1.61) | 1.26 (1.01–1.56) | 0.70 (0.57–0.86) | 1.00 (0.62–1.60) | 0.35 (0.23–0.56) | 3.02 (2.67–3.43) | 3.45 (3.08–3.87) |
| Moroccan-born | ||||||||
| Netherlands | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.72 (1.38–2.15) | 1.0 (ref.) | 0.52 (0.49–0.56) | 1.0 (ref.) | 0.97 (0.84–1.11) | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.69 (1.58–1.80) |
| France | 0.83 (0.63–1.10) | 0.98 (0.83–1.16) | 1.39 (1.29–1.51) | 0.68 (0.66–0.71) | 1.55 (1.30–1.85) | 0.71 (0.64–0.78) | 0.56 (0.51–0.61) | 0.60 (0.57–0.64) |
| Denmark | 1.62 (0.40–6.59) | 1.08 (0.27–4.30) | 1.70 (1.08–2.68) | 0.84 (0.54–1.32) | 2.15 (1.14–4.06) | 0.96 (0.52–1.78) | 2.90 (2.12–3.97) | 2.46 (1.81–3.34) |
MRR = mortality rate ratios. CI = confidence interval.
aThe reference group was the local-born population in the respective country of residence.
bMortality rate ratios were adjusted for age and sex.
cCardiovascular diseases include hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, chronic rheumatic heart disease, other heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, other circulatory disease and diabetes.
dRespiratory diseases include COPD, asthma, pneumonia, influenza, and lung cancer.
eInfectious diseases includes HIV and TB.
fCancer denotes total cancer mortality including lung cancer.
gUnintentional injuries are traffic and non-traffic injuries and other external causes.