Table 3. The longitudinal association of metabolic syndrome with bone mineral density.
| Women (N = 1,527) | Men (N = 1,166)# | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic syndrome (Yes vs. No) | FN-BMD | P-value | Metabolic syndrome (Yes vs. No) | FN-BMD | P-value |
| Model 1: β, 95% CI | 0.063 (0.048; 0.079) | 2.44 10−15 | Model 1: β, 95% CI | 0.031 (0.015; 0.047) | 0.0001 |
| Model 2: β, 95% CI | 0.028 (0.015; 0.042) | 0.001 | Model 2: β, 95% CI | -0.006 (-0.016; 0.004) | 0.58 |
| Model 3: β, 95% CI | 0.028 (0.012; 0.043)* | 0.001 | Model 3: β, 95% CI | -0.002 (-0.022; 0.017) | 0.83 |
| No. of MS components (continuous) | No. of MS components (continuous) | ||||
| Model 1: β, 95% CI | 0.025 (0.019; 0.030) | 5.4 10−20 | Model 1: β, 95% CI | 0.013 (0.006; 0.020) | 0.0003 |
| Model 2: β, 95% CI | 0.011 (0.005;0.016) | 0.0004 | Model 2: β, 95% CI | -0.003 (-0.007; 0.001) | 0.46 |
| Model 3: β, 95% CI | 0.010 (0.004; 0.016)** | 0.001 | Model 3: β, 95% CI | -0.001 (-0.009; 0.006) | 0.75 |
MS, metabolic syndrome; FN-BMD, femoral neck bone mineral density
Model 1: Adjusted for age and type of DXA scan
Model 2: Model 1 +body mass index and height
Model 3: Model 2 + smoking status, physical activity, alcohol intake, fallings in the last 12 months, use of diuretics drugs, use of hormone replacement therapy, use of corticosteroids drugs, use of drugs for bone and other musculoskeletal diseases and Dutch Healthy Diet Index.
*index time (time points when the DXA measurements were performed), β = -0.012, p<0.001; interaction MS x index time: β = -0.008, p = 0.031
** index time, β = -0.012, p<0.001; interaction MS component x index time: β = -0.003, p = 0.021
#no significant interaction between MS (or MS component) and index time (p>0.50) was observed in any of the analysis in men and therefore data are not shown