Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Women n=19 056 |
Men n=33 509 |
p Value | All N=52 565 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age at admission* | 73 (62–81) | 65 (56–75) | <0.001 | 68 (58–78) |
| Low income† | 6916 (36) | 10 825 (32) | <0.001 | 17 741 (34) |
| Short education‡ | 8842 (46) | 10 766 (32) | <0.001 | 19 608 (37) |
| Living alone§ | 10 659 (56) | 11 093 (33) | <0.001 | 21 752 (41) |
| Distance in kilometres to nearest | ||||
| Invasive heart centre* | 43 (12–77) | 44 (14–79) | <0.001 | 43 (13–78) |
| Hospital with cardiac catheterisation facilities* | 23 (8–41) | 23 (8–42) | <0.001 | 23 (8–42) |
| Risk factors | ||||
| Medications prior to index admission (%) | ||||
| Antihypertensive medication | 10 577 (56) | 14 949 (45) | <0.001 | 25 526 (49) |
| Statin or other lipid-lowering drug | 5077 (27) | 8347 (25) | <0.001 | 13 424 (26) |
| β-blockers | 5016 (26) | 6593 (20) | <0.001 | 11 609 (22) |
| Aspirin | 6309 (33) | 9247 (28) | <0.001 | 15 556 (30) |
| Loop diuretics | 3671 (19) | 3676 (11) | <0.001 | 7347 (14) |
| Concomitant heart disease (%) | ||||
| Cardiac arrhythmia | 2505 (13) | 3555 (11) | <0.001 | 6060 (12) |
| Heart failure | 2055 (11) | 2924 (9) | <0.001 | 4979 (9) |
| Pulmonary oedema | 156 (1) | 177 (1) | <0.001 | 333 (1) |
| Cardiogenic shock | 103 (1) | 164 (1) | 0.44 | 267 (1) |
| Concomitant comorbidity (%) | ||||
| Cancer | 488 (3) | 913 (3) | 0.27 | 1401 (3) |
| COPD | 1531 (8) | 1519 (5) | <0.001 | 3050 (6) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1049 (6) | 1398 (4) | <0.001 | 2447 (5) |
| Diabetes with complications | 896 (5) | 1433 (4) | 0.02 | 2329 (4) |
| Acute renal failure | 172 (1) | 358 (1) | 0.07 | 530 (1) |
| Chronic renal failure | 275 (1) | 621 (2) | <0.001 | 896 (2) |
| Prior revascularisation within 3 years of index event (%) | 392 (2) | 1017 (3) | <0.001 | 1409 (3) |
| Index hospitalisation | ||||
| Length of hospital stay* | 5 (3–8) | 5 (3–7) | <0.001 | 5 (3–7) |
| Discharge diagnosis (%) | <0.001¶ | |||
| Unstable angina pectoris | 3345 (18) | 5129 (15) | 8474 (16) | |
| Myocardial infarction | 15 711 (82) | 28 380 (85) | 44 091 (84) | |
| Index admission at hospital with invasive cardiac facilities (%) | 7398 (39) | 14 816 (44) | <0.001 | 22 214 (42) |
| Number of transfers (%) | <0.001¶ | |||
| None | 12 830 (67) | 19 745 (59) | 32 575 (62) | |
| 1 | 4345 (23) | 9935 (30) | 14 280 (27) | |
| 2 or more | 1881 (10) | 3829 (11) | 5710 (11) | |
| Diagnostic coronary angiography (%) | ||||
| Day 1 | 5822 (31) | 14 125 (42) | <0.001 | 19 947 (38) |
| Day 3 | 6857 (36) | 16 258 (49) | <0.001 | 23 115 (44) |
| Day 60 | 12 769 (67) | 26 919 (80) | <0.001 | 39 688 (76) |
*Median (IQR).
†Defined as a yearly income after all taxes below the first tertile in the study cohort (missing=245).
‡Defined as a maximum of 9 years of school (missing=3670).
§Missing=164.
¶χ2 p Value for a 2xk table.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.