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. 2015 May 26;112(23):7327–7332. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1502076112

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5.

TGF-β1 induces both EMT and increased protein expression of B3GLCT, ST3GAL5, and ST6GALNAC5 in A549 cells. (A) Representative phase-contrast images of A549 cells undergoing EMT induced by treatment with TGF-β1 (5 ng/mL, 48 h). Vehicle-treated cells (Veh) are shown as a control. (B) Relative abundance of mRNA encoding the EMT markers E-cadherin, fibronectin, vimentin, and Zeb1 in A549 cells treated as in A. qRT-PCR data are reported as the average of relative expression normalized to GAPDH. Error bars denote SD; *P < 0.005; t test; n = 3 biological replicates. (C) Relative abundance of mRNA encoding glycogenes B3GLCT and ST3GAL5 in the samples used in B. qRT-PCR data are reported as the average of relative expression normalized to GAPDH. Error bars denote SD; *P < 0.002; **P < 0.01; t test; n = 3 biological replicates. (D) Western blot data for samples used in B and C show a decrease in E-cadherin and a concomitant increase of B3GLCT, ST3GAL5, and ST6GALNAC5 protein levels. To visualize ST6GALNAC5, threefold-higher sample levels (60 μg protein) were evaluated. Representative data from the three biological replicates are shown.