Table 3.
Individual Predictors of Outcome among Children and Acute Bacterial Meningitis in Guatemala City, 2000-2007
| Univariate | Multivariate | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Alive | Dead or Major Morbidity | OR | p-value | OR | p-value |
| N = 92 | N = 291 | |||||
| Demographics | N (%) | N (%) | ||||
| Age < 12 months | 77 (84) | 198 (68) | 0.4 | 0.004 | 0.5 | 0.12 |
| Male gender | 57 (62) | 168 (58) | 0.8 | 0.41 | - | - |
| Wet season | 51 (55) | 142 (49) | 1.3 | 0.27 | 2.3 | 0.06 |
| Received antibiotics prior to arrival | 28 (30) | 134 (46) | 2.0 | 0.008 | - | - |
| Has received Hib vaccine (if > 2 months old) | 0 (0) | 12 (4) | * | * | * | * |
| Organism isolated | 38 (41) | 166 (57) | 0.6 | <0.0001 | 0.7 | 0.05 |
| Clinical Presentation | ||||||
| Symptoms > 3 days | 41 (45) | 193 (66) | 2.5 | 0.0002 | 3.7 | 0.003 |
| Seizure | 10 (11) | 215 (74) | 23.2 | <0.0001 | 101.5 | <0.0001 |
| Coma | 7 (8) | 130 (45) | 9.8 | <0.0001 | 6.3 | 0.004 |
| Shock | 11 (12) | 117 (40) | 5.0 | <0.0001 | - | - |
| Positive CSF gram stain | 79 (86) | 216 (74) | 0.5 | 0.02 | - | - |
| CSF glucose < 20 mg/mL | 22 (24) | 158 (54) | 3.8 | <0.0001 | 5.3 | 0.0004 |
| Hemoglobin < 11 g/dL | 61 (66) | 236 (81) | 2.2 | 0.004 | - | - |
| Temperature at admission | 12 (13) | 28 (10) | 0.7 | 0.35 | - | - |
| Herson-Todd score ≥ 5 | 17 (18) | 204 (70) | 10.3 | <0.0001 | ** | ** |
*
Unable to calculate due to zero value
**
Not tested in the multivariate stepwise model due to co-linearity between the Herson-Todd score and the factors used to calculate the score.