Figure 6. GZMM is associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cancer cells, and STAT3 signaling pathway activation is involved in GZMM resulting in the EMT.

(A-B) Western blot analyses of epithelial and mesenchymal markers (E-cad, N-cad, and vimentin) in 4T1/CT26 cells and 5-FU-treated counterparts, i.e., 4T1-NC/CT26-NC and 4T1-GZMM/CT26-sh GZMM, are shown. (C) The total AKT, ERK1/2, and STAT3 and the protein phosphorylation level in 4T1-NC, 4T1-GZMM, CT26-NC and CT26-sh GZMM cells were determined by western blot, as displayed in the figure. β-actin was included as the sample loading control.