Table 3.
Prevalence of brain metastases in patients with renal cell carcinoma
| Cytokine Era | Kinase Inhibitors Era | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Author (year) | Study sample (n) | Brain metastasis (n) | Prevalence (%) | Study sample (n) | Brain metastasis (n) | Prevalence (%) | P-value |
| Saitoh (1981)1 | 1451 | 144 | 9.92 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Kavolius (1998)2 | 278 | 21 | 7.55 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Harada (1998)3 | 325 | 18 | 5.54 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Mai (2001)4 | 348 | 19 | 5.46 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Shuch (2008)5 | 1855 | 138 | 7.44 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Gore (2009)6 | 4371 | 321 | 7.34 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Steiner (2010)7 | 61 | 6 | 9.84 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Vogl (2010)8 | 114 | 12 | 10.53 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Elfiky (2010)9 | 71 | 6 | 8.45 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Massard (2010)10 | 69 | 8 | 11.59 | 70 | 2 | 2.86 | 0.07 |
| Verma (2011)11 | 184 | 29 | 15.76 | 154 | 15 | 9.74 | 0.10 |
| Dudek (present) | -- | -- | -- | 92 | 15 | 16.30 | -- |