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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jun 15.
Published in final edited form as: Circ J. 2014 Sep 2;78(10):2347–2356. doi: 10.1253/circj.cj-14-0893

Figure 3. Cardiac myocyte cytoarchitecture.

Figure 3

Schematic illustration of key proteins of the extracellular matrix (ECM), sarcolemma (SL), sarcomere (SM), and nucleus.and some of their protein-protein interactions. Note the sarcolemmal proteins include ion channels such as SCN5A, L-type calcium channels and others, as well as the dystrophin associated binding proteins that interact with dystrophin and other cytoplasmic cytoskeletal proteins(dystroglycans, sarcoglycans, syntrophins, dystrobrevin, sarcospan, caveolin), and cadherins that bind with desmosomal proteins (desmocollin, plakophillin, desmoplakin, plakoglobin). The integral sarcolemmal membrane proteins interact with the extracellular matrix via α-dystroglycan-laminin α2 connections. The sarcomere includes thick and thin filament contractile proteins and Z-disk proteins. The amino-terminus of dystrophin binds actin and connects dystrophin with the sarcomere intracellularly, the sarcolemma and extracellular matrix. The nucleus includes important membrane proteins lamin A/C and emerin. The intermediate filament protein desmin is another important and prominent linker protein. MLP=muscle LIM protein.