Table 1. Patient characteristics of the development and validation set.
| Characteristics | Development set | Validation set | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 1123) | (n = 274) | ||
| No of patients (%) | No of patients (%) | ||
| Age at diagnosis (median, range) | 59 (25–85) | 58 (26–82) | |
| < 65 | 763 (67.9) | 186 (67.9) | |
| ≥ 65 | 360 (32.1) | 88 (32.1) | 0.985 |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 802 (71.4) | 199 (72.6) | |
| Female | 321 (28.6) | 75 (27.4) | 0.690 |
| Tumor size (median, range) | 4.5 (0.3–18.0) | 4.0 (0.5–14.5) | |
| ≤ 4.5 cm | 605 (53.9) | 157 (57.3) | |
| > 4.5 cm | 518 (46.1) | 117 (42.7) | 0.307 |
| Tumor location | |||
| Lower 1/3 | 690 (61.4) | 171 (62.4) | |
| Middle 1/3 | 185 (16.5) | 50 (18.2) | |
| Upper 1/3 | 51 (4.5) | 11 (4.0) | |
| 2/3 or more | 197 (17.5) | 42 (15.3) | 0.750 |
| Lauren type | |||
| Intestinal | 453 (40.3) | 122 (44.5) | |
| Diffuse | 436 (38.8) | 106 (38.7) | |
| Mixed | 234 (20.8) | 46 (16.8) | 0.254 |
| Depth of invasion | |||
| T1 | 232 (20.7) | 56 (20.4) | |
| T2 | 159 (14.2) | 41 (15.0) | |
| T3 | 165 (14.7) | 44 (16.1) | |
| T4 | 567 (50.5) | 133 (48.5) | 0.909 |
| Metastatic LNs, No. | |||
| 0 | 440 (39.2) | 105 (38.3) | |
| 1–2 | 199 (17.7) | 37 (13.5) | |
| 3–6 | 194 (17.3) | 51 (18.6) | |
| 7–15 | 175 (15.6) | 51 (18.6) | |
| >15 | 115 (10.2) | 30 (10.9) | 0.414 |
| Histology grade | |||
| G1-G2 | 295 (26.3) | 73 (26.7) | |
| G3-G4 | 828 (73.7) | 200 (73.0) | 0.874 |
| Lymphovascular invasion | |||
| Negative | 792 (70.5) | 198 (72.3) | |
| Positive | 331 (29.5) | 76 (27.8) | 0.570 |
| WBC count (×103 mm-3) | |||
| ≤ 9.5 | 1022 (91.0) | 249 (90.9) | |
| > 9.5 | 101 (9.0) | 25 (9.1) | 0.946 |
| Neutrophil count (×103 mm-3) | |||
| ≤ 6.3 | 1012 (90.1) | 248 (90.5) | |
| > 6.3 | 111 (9.9) | 26 (9.5) | 0.844 |
| Lymophocyte count (×103 mm-3) | |||
| < 1.1 | 138 (12.3) | 24 (8.8) | |
| ≥ 1.1 | 985 (87.7) | 250 (91.2) | 0.102 |
| Platelet count (×103 mm-4) | |||
| ≤ 350 | 1045 (93.1) | 248 (90.5) | |
| > 350 | 78 (6.9) | 26 ((9.5) | 0.150 |
| NLR | |||
| ≤ 1.86 | 562 (50.0) | 143 (52.2) | |
| > 1.86 | 561 (50.0) | 131 (47.8) | 0.524 |
| PLR | |||
| ≤ 168 | 843 (75.0) | 210 (76.6) | |
| > 168 | 280 (24.9) | 64 (23.4) | 0.587 |
| Hemoglobin (g/l) | |||
| < 115 | 312 (27.8) | 66 (24.1) | |
| ≥ 115 | 811 (72.2) | 208 (75.9) | 0.217 |
| Serum albumin (g/l) | |||
| < 40 | 482 (42.9) | 116 (42.3) | |
| ≥ 40 | 641 (57.1) | 158 (57.7) | 0.861 |
| Plasma fibrinogen (mg/dl) | |||
| ≤ 400 | 555 (49.4) | 143 (52.2) | |
| > 400 | 568 (50.6) | 131 (47.8) | 0.411 |
Abbreviations: LNs, lymph nodes; G1, well differentiated; G2, moderately differentiated; G3, poorly differentiated; G4, undifferentiated; WBC, white blood cells; NLR, neutrophil—lymphocyte ratio; PLR, platelet—lymphocyte ratio; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.