Measurement of S1P levels after infection of mice or an alveolar macrophage cell line with C. neoformans (Cn). (A to C) S1P levels in the BAL fluid of CBA/J, Tgε26, C57BL6/J, and SK1−/− mice uninfected or infected with the C. neoformans H99 WT or C. neoformans Δgcs1 strain. Data were collected from three mice per time point at 4 (A), 8 (B), and 16 (C) days postinfection. (D) S1P levels in the medium of the MHS macrophage cell line 2 h after infection with C. neoformans (MHS/C. neoformans ratio = 1:10). *, values significantly (P < 0.01) greater than those for both uninfected mice and mice infected with the C. neoformans H99 WT strain.