Table 3.

Outcome 2: Perceived quality of online health information.

Author(s), date	Predictor	Specific measure used	Result
Bernhardt et al, 2004 [44]	Educational level	Perceived accuracy of online health information	Less educated respondents perceive online health information to be more accurate (P<.05).
Borzekowski & Rickert, 2001 [46]	Educational level	Composite assessing perceived worth, trustworthiness, use, and relevance of online health information	No significant effect of educational level on the outcome.
Gauld & Williams, 2009 [51]	Educational level	Perceived reliability of online health information	Educational level is not correlated to perceived reliability of online health information.
Helft et al, 2005 [53]	Educational level	Perceived accuracy of online health information	Less educated patients are less likely to believe that online health information is accurate (r=.0417; P<.05).
Nwagwu, 2007 [67]	Educational level – In-school vs Out-of-school	Perceived accuracy and quality of online health information	The out-of-school groups describes more often the information as accurate. Overall, however, the in-school group assess online health information to be of higher quality more often than the out-of-school.
Richter et al, 2009 [69]	Educational level	Perceived reliability of online information	No significant effect of education on perceived reliability of online information.
Yan, 2010 [74]	Educational level	Perceived reliability of online health information	No significant effect of educational level on perceived reliability of online health information.
Feufel & Stahl, 2012 [50]	Other skills-based proxies for health literacy – Skilled (˂30 years of age, had a higher level of education, and were more experienced using the Web) vs less-skilled (≥50 years of age)	Attitudes towards the quality of online health information	Health information seekers in both cohorts doubt the quality of information retrieved online; among poorly skilled seekers, this is mainly because they doubt their skills to navigate vast amounts of information; once a website is accessed, quality concerns disappear in both cohorts.