High-performance liquid chromatograms of peptidoglycan muropeptides of the wild-type and constructed PAO1 mutants. Each series displays peaks corresponding to the common muropeptides in peptidoglycan of the given PAO1 strain (indicated at right). Each peak corresponds to a muropeptide whose name (in bold) and retention time (RT) (in minutes) are indicated at the top. M3, disaccharide tripeptide; M4G, disaccharide tetrapeptide with Gly at position 4; M4, disaccharide tetrapeptide; M5, disaccharide pentapeptide in which l-Ala, d-Glu, Dap (meso-diaminopimelic acid), d-Ala, and d-Ala occupy positions 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively, and l-Ala is linked to N-acetylmuramic acid; M5G, disaccharide pentapeptide with Gly at position 5; D44, cross-linked dimer of disaccharide tetrapeptide-disaccharide tetrapeptide; D43, cross-linked dimer of disaccharide tetrapeptide-disaccharide tripeptide; D45, cross-linked dimer of disaccharide tetrapeptide-disaccharide pentapeptide; T444, cross-linked trimer of disaccharide tetrapeptide-disaccharide tetrapeptide-disaccharide tetrapeptide; T445, cross-linked trimer of disaccharide tetrapeptide-disaccharide tetrapeptide-disaccharide pentapeptide; anhydro-muropeptides D44N, D45N, T444N, and T445N have the same structures as muropeptides D44, D45, T444, and T445, respectively, but with anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid instead of N-acetylmuramic acid. Each disaccharide is composed of N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid.