Table 2.
Outcome measures (means and SDs) for assessments at baseline (M0), after intervention (M3), and at 6-month follow-up (M6) per group.
| Scales and subscoresa | Experimental, mean (SD) | Control, mean (SD) | P b | |||||||
|
|
M0 | M3 | M6 | Diffc | M0 | M3 | M6 | Diffc |
|
|
| PSS-14 | 24.2 (9.0) | 23.7 (9.2) | 25.0 (9.9) | –0.5 (8.0) | 24.5 (6.7) | 23.8 (6.2) | 23.8 (6.9) | –0.7 (4.5) | .98 | |
| RSCS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Obtaining respite | 55.0 (26.9) | 51.7 (29.3) | 54.7 (30.6) | –3.3 (18.3) | 49.2 (22.4) | 48.9 (26.8) | 48.6 (24.5) | –0.4 (24.1) | >.99 |
|
|
Responding to patients’ behaviors | 72.2 (17.0) | 69.0 (19.7) | 71.5 (23.1) | –3.2 (14.1) | 66.3 (18.2) | 65.8 (22.7) | 68.4 (15.3) | –0.5 (15.5) | .52 |
|
|
Controlling upsetting thoughts | 62.6 (21.3) | 63.2 (19.7) | 63.4 (20.8) | 0.5 (17.0) | 64.7 (18.1) | 66.3 (14.9) | 64.0 (13.7) | 1.5 (16.1) | .83 |
| RMBPC |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Frequency | 1.6 (0.5) | 1.8 (0.6) | 1.8 (0.6) | 0.1 (0.4) | 1.5 (0.6) | 1.6 (0.6) | 1.6 (0.7) | 0.0 (0.3) | .72 |
|
|
Reaction | 2.2 (0.4) | 2.2 (0.6) | 2.3 (0.5) | 0.0 (0.4) | 2.2 (0.6) | 2.1 (0.6) | 2.1 (0.6) | –0.1 (0.5) | .66 |
| ZBI | 38.0 (14.5) | 38.3 (14.9) | 39.6 (15.7) | 0.3 (6.6) | 35.0 (15.0) | 33.5 (15.3) | 34.8 (15.9) | –1.5 (6.1) | .74 | |
| BDI-II | 11.2 (10.1) | 11.5 (9.2) | 12.4 (11.6) | 0.3 (4.6) | 9.0 (7.4) | 8.9 (6.5) | 8.8 (7.2) | –0.1 (2.7) | .56 | |
| NHP |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Social isolation | 14.1 (20.4) | 15.9 (21.7) | 16.5 (23.4) | 1.9 (9.7) | 12.5 (17.2) | 15.5 (19.9) | 14.8 (20.7) | 3.0 (14.9) | .79 |
|
|
Emotions | 20.6 (22.4) | 18.6 (18.09) | 26.6 (25.6) | –2.1 (16.4) | 18.6 (20.3) | 19.0 (19.5) | 17.2 (19.2) | 0.4 (12.9) | .84 |
|
|
Energy | 27.9 (39.1) | 25.3 (33.6) | 35.9 (39.4) | –2.6 (30.6) | 26.6 (31.7) | 38.5 (38.8) | 35.6 (41.6) | 11.9 (34.2) | .22 |
| VAS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Knowledge | 45.4 (23.2) | 59.2 (25.9) | 58.6 (24.4) | 13.8 (15.1) | 44.5 (23.5) | 44.4 (21.6) | 51.7 (18.8) | –0.0 (17.4) | .008 |
|
|
Coping | 67.4 (15.8) | 67.6 (13.3) | 67.2 (17.6) | –0.2 (13.8) | 61.4 (21.8) | 61.4 (15.7) | 61.8 (17.5) | 0.0 (16.5) | .71 |
|
|
Stress | 40.7 (23.0) | 48.6 (24.3) | 50.6 (23.2) | 7.9 (23.8) | 50.2 (15.3) | 46.7 (16.7) | 50.3 (17.0) | –3.5 (16.5) | .05 |
|
|
QR | 71.4 (20.5) | 73.8 (21.5) | 72.7 (17.9) | 2.4 (13.5) | 72.1 (16.9) | 69.0 (23.8) | 69.3 (18.0) | –3.0 (19.5) | .36 |
a BDI-II: Beck Depression Inventory-second version; NHP: Nottingham Health Profile; PSS-14: self-perceived stress; QR: quality of relationship between caregiver and the patient; RMBPC: Revised Memory and Behavior Problem Checklist; RSCS: Revised Scale for Caregiving Self-Efficacy; VAS: visual analog scale; ZBI: Zarit Burden Interview.
b Comparing means differences (M3 – M0) of experimental and control groups by Mann-Whitney tests.
c Means difference (M3 – M0).