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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jun 16.
Published in final edited form as: J Trauma Stress. 2008 Oct;21(5):471–478. doi: 10.1002/jts.20363

Table 1.

PTSD Symptoms as Measured by the Arabic PDS Symptom Subscales in Descending Order of Reporting Frequency

Criterion % n
Reexperiencing symptoms
    B4. Emotionally upset when reminded 75 342
    B1. Intrusive images 72 328
    B3. Reliving of the trauma 59 268
    B2. Nightmares about traumatic event 55 247
    B5. Physical reactions when reminded 54 243
Avoidance symptoms
    C6. Trying not to think, talk, or have feelings about 63 285
    C7. Trying to avoid activities, places, or people 39 177
    C9. Loss of interest 38 173
    C10. Feeling distant or cut off 34 152
    C12. Lack offuture plans 21 95
    C11. Feeling emotionally numb 21 95
    C8. Memory loss 15 68
Arousal symptoms
    D14. Irritability 61 276
    D13. Difficulty sleeping 48 218
    D15. Difficulty concentrating 47 213
    D17. Easily startled 42 191
    D16. Overly alert 39 178

Note. PTSD = Posttraumatic stress disorder; PDS = Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale.