Table 3.
Population attributable fraction (PAF) for five lifestyle-related risk factors and postmenopausal breast cancer
| Age at exposure | Age at outcome | Observed cases in 2010a | Risk factor | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overweight/obesity (BMI > 25 kg/m2) | Physical inactivity | Alcohol consumption | Smoking | Low-fibre intake | ||||||||
| PAF (95 % CI) | Excess cases | PAF (95 % CI) | Excess cases | PAF (95 % CI) | Excess cases | PAF (95 % CI) | Excess cases | PAF (95 % CI) | Excess cases | |||
| 40–50 | 50–60 | 3362 | 7.3 % | 246 | 4.9 % | 164 | 7.4 % | 250 | 5.6 % | 189 | 3.7 % | 124 |
| 50–60 | 60–70 | 3367 | 9.1 % | 305 | 4.8 % | 161 | 7.6 % | 256 | 5.0 % | 169 | 3.1 % | 105 |
| 60–70 | 70–80 | 2016 | 10.0 % | 202 | 5.7 % | 115 | 5.8 % | 116 | 3.6 % | 74 | 2.8 % | 56 |
| >70 | >80 | 1622 | 9.9 % | 161 | 7.8 % | 126 | 3.9 % | 64 | 2.9 % | 47 | 2.9 % | 47 |
| Total | 10,367 | 8.8 % (6.3–11.3) | 913 | 5.5 % (4.0–7.0) | 566 | 6.6 % (5.2–8.0) | 686 | 4.6 % (3.3–6.0) | 479 | 3.2 % (1.6–4.8) | 332 | |
| PAF for all five risk factors combined: 25.7 % (95 % CI 24.2–27.2) | ||||||||||||
aData from the Dutch national cancer registry [2]
The 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) were derived from Monte Carlo simulations. The presented numbers are rounded, the calculations were performed with the use of exact numbers