Table 1.
Sample Characteristics
| Performance Group at Five Years | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable |
All Subjects (n=185) |
Open-set by 5 Y (n=155) |
No Open-Set at 5 Y (n=18) |
No Open-Set Missing 5 Y (n=12) |
| Male, n (%) | 89 (48) | 75 (48) | 8 (44) | 6 (50) |
| Non-white†, n (%) | 49 (26) | 33 (21) | 10 (56) | 6 (50) |
| Maternal Education ≤ high school, n (%) | 39 (21) | 30 (19) | 4 (24) | 5 (42) |
| Income ≤ $50,000 n (%) | 77 (42) | 57 (37) | 11 (61) | 9 (75) |
| Combined Maternal Sensitivity, Baseline, mean (SD) | 5.3 (.7) | 5.3 (.65) | 4.8 (.96) | 4.9 (.75) |
| Combined IQ, Baseline, mean (SD) | 96.5 (21) | 96.7 (21) | 95.9 (21) | 95.1 (25) |
| Complicated Perinatal History (Premature/NICU), n (%) | 26 (15) | 18 (12) | 5 (31) | 3 (25) |
| Age at hearing loss, months, mean (SD) | 2.8 (7) | 2.3 (7) | 4.6 (8) | 5 (9) |
| Age at amplification, months, mean (SD) | 13.4 (11) | 12.5 (10) | 15.5 (10) | 21.7 (13) |
| Unaided 4-frequency average, better ear, Baseline, dB HL, mean (SD) | 105 (16) | 104.3 (16.5) | 109.6 (14) | 109.9 (19) |
| Aided 4-frequency average, better ear, Baseline, dB HL, mean (SD) | 70.8 (21.8) | 68.5 (22) | 85.8 (16) | 79.4 (21) |
| Radiology Report: | ||||
| No abnormalities, n (%) | 138 (76) | 114 (74) | 14 (78) | 10 (83) |
| EVAS, n (%) | 20 (11) | 18 (12) | 2 (11) | 0 |
| Meningitis‡, n (%) | 7 (4) | 6 (4) | 0 | 1 (8) |
| Other abnormalities, n (%) | 17 (9) | 14 (9) | 2 (11) | 1 (8) |
| Age at CI, mean (SD) | 28.3 (14) | 27.4 (14) | 34 (15) | 30.8 (14) |
†
Non-white included the categories: black, Asian, other, no response.
‡
Meningitis noted on imaging or history
Y = years. n = count. % is percentage. SD is standard deviation. CI is cochlear implantation. dB HL is decibels hearing loss. NICU is neonatal intensive care unit. EVAS is Enlarged Vestibular Aqueduct Syndrome.
Highlighted rows indicate significant difference by Performance Group (categorical variable = significant chi-square, continuous variable = significant one-way ANOVA).