Table 4.
Multivariable models of perioperative morbidity and resource utilization.
| Wound complication |
Severe complication |
Any complication |
Prolonged hospitalization |
Non- routine discharge1 |
Transfusion2 | Readmission1 | Reoperation | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||||||||
| <50 | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | |
| 50–59 | 0.77 (0.49, 1.19) | 0.84 (0.52, 1.35) | 0.93 (0.65, 1.33) | 1.24 (0.96, 1.60) | 1.39 (0.60, 3.22) | 1.10 (0.88, 1.39) | 0.99 (0.65, 1.52) | 0.80 (0.46, 1.38) | |
| 60–69 | 1.00 (0.66, 1.51) | 1.09 (0.70, 1.71) | 1.15 (0.82, 1.61) | 1.27 (0.99, 1.63) | 2.42 (1.12, 5.24)* | 1.15 (0.92, 1.44) | 0.92 (0.60, 1.42) | 0.59 (0.33, 1.04) | |
| ≥70 | 0.83 (0.53, 1.31) | 1.14 (0.73, 1.79) | 1.16 (0.82, 1.63) | 1.46 (1.14, 1.88)* | 5.47 (2.62, 11.42)** | 1.20 (0.95, 1.52) | 1.08 (0.70, 1.67) | 0.67 (0.37, 1.19) | |
| Year of procedure | |||||||||
| 2005–06 | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | NA | NA | NA | Referent | |
| 2007 | 0.63 (0.15, 2.55) | 3.97 (0.51, 31.07) | 1.95 (0.43, 8.88) | 1.30 (0.64, 2.67) | NA | NA | NA | 1.95 (0.40, 9.47) | |
| 2008 | 0.43 (0.11, 1.73) | 1.09 (0.13, 9.18) | 0.80 (0.17, 3.73) | 0.57 (0.27, 1.20) | NA | NA | NA | 0.43 (0.07, 2.49) | |
| 2009 | 0.37 (0.10, 1.43) | 0.82 (0.10, 6.82) | 0.88 (0.20, 3.94) | 0.57 (0.28, 1.18) | NA | NA | NA | 0.45 (0.08, 2.46) | |
| 2010 | 0.42 (0.12, 1.52) | 0.91 (0.11, 7.37) | 0.99 (0.23, 4.32) | 0.54 (0.27, 1.10) | NA | Referent | NA | 0.31 (0.06, 1.63) | |
| 2011 | 0.47 (0.14, 1.64) | 0.97 (0.12, 7.67) | 0.98 (0.23, 4.20) | 0.44 (0.22, 0.88)* | Referent | 1.10 (0.88, 1.37) | Referent | 0.32 (0.06, 1.63) | |
| 2012 | 0.52 (0.15, 1.79) | 0.77 (0.10, 6.07) | 0.92 (0.21, 3.96) | 0.48 (0.24, 0.97)* | 0.86 (0.62, 1.20) | 1.10 (0.89, 1.36) | 0.86 (0.65, 1.13) | 0.28 (0.05, 1.40) | |
| Race | |||||||||
| White | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | |
| Black | 1.04 (0.61, 1.79) | 1.23 (0.74, 2.02) | 1.15 (0.77, 1.70) | 1.14 (0.87, 1.50) | 1.08 (0.60, 1.96) | 1.19 (0.91, 1.55) | 0.99 (0.56, 1.77) | 0.66 (0.26, 1.64) | |
| Other | 1.32 (0.58, 3.03) | 1.74 (0.88, 3.46) | 1.35 (0.77, 2.38) | 1.05 (0.67, 1.63) | 0.46 (0.11, 1.92) | 1.41 (0.99, 2.02) | 1.75 (0.91, 3.38) | 1.80 (0.77, 4.20) | |
| Unknown | 0.97 (0.61, 1.55) | 0.53 (0.28, 0.98)* | 0.62 (0.40, 0.95)* | 0.72 (0.53, 0.96)* | 0.62 (0.32, 1.21) | 1.16 (0.93, 1.44) | 1.11 (0.72, 1.72) | 0.61 (0.28, 1.34) | |
| BMI | |||||||||
| Normal | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | |
| Overweight | 0.98 (0.66, 1.45) | 1.06 (0.75, 1.51) | 1.08 (0.83, 1.40) | 0.98 (0.82, 1.18) | 1.47 (0.96, 2.25) | 0.88 (0.74, 1.05) | 0.95 (0.66, 1.35) | 0.73 (0.46, 1.18) | |
| Obese | 1.57 (1.12, 2.22) | 1.00 (0.70, 1.42) | 1.02 (0.78, 1.33) | 0.92 (0.76, 1.10) | 1.56 (1.02, 2.40)* | 0.80 (0.68, 0.96) | 1.14 (0.81, 1.59) | 0.59 (0.36, 0.96)* | |
| Unknown | 1.05 (0.25, 4.40) | 0.64 (0.09, 4.66) | 0.67 (0.16, 2.74) | 1.47 (0.77, 2.80) | 1.58 (0.21, 11.60) | 0.77 (0.34, 1.73) | 1.10 (0.27, 4.51) | 1.30 (0.31, 5.49) | |
| ASA Class | |||||||||
| 1 | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | |
| 2 | 1.45 (0.45, 4.65) | 1.73 (0.42, 7.13) | 1.75 (0.64, 4.76) | 1.38 (0.70, 2.70) | - | 1.51 (0.87, 2.65) | 2.04 (0.64, 6.49) | 1.82 (0.44, 7.59) | |
| 3 | 2.06 (0.64, 6.60) | 2.51 (0.61, 10.30) | 2.39 (0.88, 6.49) | 2.06 (1.06, 4.03)* | 1.79 (1.18, 2.71)* | 1.84 (1.05, 3.22) | 2.21 (0.69, 7.08) | 1.89 (0.45, 7.96) | |
| ≥4 | 2.40 (0.64, 8.91) | 2.58 (0.56, 11.79) | 2.27 (0.75, 6.85) | 3.04 (1.49, 6.24)* | 2.30 (1.13, 4.67)* | 1.95 (1.02, 3.72) | 1.42 (0.33, 6.05) | 2.31 (0.43, 12.33) | |
| Functional status | |||||||||
| Independent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | |
| Partially dependent | - | 1.93 (1.06, 3.51)* | 1.52 (0.90, 2.56) | 1.43 (1.02, 2.02) | 3.17 (1.75, 5.74)* | 0.89 (0.55, 1.44) | - | 0.86 (0.26, 2.82) | |
| Totally dependent | - | 5.36 (1.91, 15.00)** | 4.01 (1.62, 9.96)* | 2.51 (1.23, 5.12)* | 3.65 (0.86, 15.40) | 2.19 (0.70, 6.88) | - | 2.14 (0.29, 15.88) | |
| Preoperative albumin | |||||||||
| <3.5 | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | |
| 3.5–4 | 0.85 (0.56, 1.28) | 0.70 (0.49, 1.01) | 0.73 (0.55, 0.98)* | 0.65 (0.53, 0.79)** | 0.87 (0.58, 1.31) | 0.73 (0.60, 0.88) | 1.44 (0.93, 2.22) | 0.99 (0.57, 1.69) | |
| >4 | 0.62 (0.40, 0.98) | 0.29 (0.18, 0.48)** | 0.47 (0.34, 0.66)** | 0.38 (0.30, 0.48)** | 0.28 (0.15, 0.53)** | 0.51 (0.41, 0.64)** | 1.09 (0.69, 1.75) | 0.50 (0.26, 0.93)* | |
| Unknown | 0.99 (0.67, 1.48) | 0.65 (0.45, 0.95)* | 0.71 (0.53, 0.96)* | 0.57 (0.47, 0.70)** | 0.63 (0.40, 1.01) | 0.61 (0.50, 0.75)** | 1.07 (0.67, 1.69) | 0.87 (0.50, 1.50) | |
| Procedure score | |||||||||
| 0 | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | |
| 1 | 1.26 (0.91, 1.76) | 1.88 (1.33, 2.67)* | 1.63 (1.26, 2.10)* | 1.65 (1.38, 1.98)** | 1.38 (0.95, 2.01) | 1.61 (1.36, 1.91)** | 1.28 (0.94, 1.75) | 1.06 (0.67, 1.65) | |
| 2 | 2.72 (1.79, 4.15)** | 3.90 (2.55, 5.96)* | 3.25 (2.37, 4.47)** | 3.21 (2.56, 4.01)** | 1.51 (0.89, 2.56) | 2.55 (2.06, 3.15)** | 1.64 (1.05, 2.56) | 2.98 (1.72, 5.16)** | |
| ≥3 | 3.80 (1.88, 7.69)** | 5.07 (2.47, 10.41)** | 4.06 (2.34, 7.03)** | 4.68 (3.22, 6.80)** | 2.82 (1.11, 7.19)* | 3.15 (2.14, 4.63)** | 1.58 (0.63, 3.93) | 2.14 (0.65, 7.02) | |
1
Data only available from 2011–2012
2
Data only available from 2010–2012