Table 4.

Airway inflammation with ozone exposure

BAL Inflammatory Cells and Cytokines	0 ppb O3	100 ppb O3	200 ppb O3
BAL, ×104 cells/ml
Total leukocytes	20.6 ± 11.5	21.5 ± 10.6	22.6 ± 8.8
Macrophages	17.3 ± 10.0	17.6 ± 10.0	18.1 ± 6.9
Neutrophils	0.55 ± 0.56*	0.94 ± 0.91*	1.51 ± 1.79*
Lymphocytes	2.8 ± 2.0	2.7 ± 1.5	2.6 ± 2.1
Eosinophils	0.14 ± 0.17*	0.23 ± 0.26*	0.37 ± 0.49*
BAL, %
Macrophages	83.1 ± 6.8	80.9 ± 8.8	80.2 ± 10.3
Neutrophils	2.6 ± 2.3*	4.5 ± 4.1*	6.4 ± 5.9*
Lymphocytes	13.6 ± 6.9	13.6 ± 7.9	11.8 ± 5.5
Eosinophils	0.7 ± 0.8*	1.1 ± 1.0*	1.5 ± 1.6*
Cells, ×104 cells/ml
Epithelial	0.98 ± 1.21	0.74 ± 0.93	0.88 ± 1.06
Squamous	0.33 ± 0.26	0.18 ± 0.18	0.26 ± 0.28
Red blood	10.3 ± 10.0	8.0 ± 8.2	19.7 ± 39.8
Total protein, μg/ml	69.0 [38.0, 86.0]*	69.6 [42.3, 96.9]*	100.4 [70.4, 157.8]*
IL, pg/ml
IL-1b	0.13 [0.13, 0.13]	0.13 [0.13, 0.13]	0.13 [0.13, 0.13]
IL-5	0.04 [0.03, 0.13]	0.08 [0.03, 0.30]	0.12 [0.03, 0.23]
IL-6	1.45 [0.40, 2.08]*	2.47 [0.27, 5.25]*	3.66 [0.91, 8.04]*
IL-7	0.39 [0.13, 0.57]	0.81 [0.26, 1.14]	0.57 [0.43, 1.54]
IL-8	5.75 [0.94, 9.33]*	10.11 [7.81, 21.12]*	11.35 [8.10, 17.76]*
IL-12	0.13 [0.13, 0.13]	0.13 [0.13, 0.13]	0.13 [0.13, 0.13]
IFN-γ, pg/ml	0.64 [0.64, 0.64]	0.64 [0.64, 0.64]	0.64 [0.64, 0.64]
Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, pg/ml	1.16 [0.81, 2.95]	1.86 [0.93, 3.2]	3.04 [1.74, 4.09]
TNF-α, pg/ml	0.16 [0.07, 0.37]	0.19 [0.07, 0.58]	0.37 [0.14, 0.74]

Values are means ± SD and median [interquartile range]. BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage.

^*Values represent changes that were significant with increasing level of ozone exposure by regression analysis.