TABLE 3.

Associations between contraceptive counseling and postpartum contraceptive use, stratified by insurance status before pregnancy,^a PRAMS, 3 reporting areas,^b 2004–2008 (n = 9536)

Prenatal and postpartum contraceptive counseling	Use of a more effectivec contraceptive method (vs less effectived or no method)
	n (%)e	AOR (95% CI)f
No insurance before pregnancy
None	58 (28.3)	1.0
One (prenatal or postpartum only)	242 (54.5)	3.02 (1.76–5.16)g
Both (prenatal and postpartum)	1000 (61.1)	3.51 (2.18–5.66)g
P for trend	<.0001
Medicaid (no private) insurance before pregnancy
None	28 (26.9)	1.0
One (prenatal or postpartum only)	119 (48.1)	2.44 (1.22–4.88)g
Both (prenatal and postpartum)	486 (66.7)	3.74 (1.98–7.06)g
P for trend	< .0001
Private insurance before pregnancy
None	178 (34.1)	1.00
One (prenatal or postpartum only)	669 (46.8)	1.81 (1.36–2.42)g
Both (prenatal and postpartum)	2239 (52.1)	1.87 (1.44–2.43)g
P for trend	< .0001

AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; PRAMS, pregnancy risk assessment monitoring system.

^aInteraction term between contraceptive counseling during both time periods (prenatal and postpartum) and use of a more effective contraceptive method was statistically significant at P < .05;

^bMissouri, New York City, and New York;

^cIncludes female sterilization, male sterilization, intrauterine device, implant, pills, patch, ring, or shots;

^dIncludes condoms, diaphragm, cervical cap, sponge, withdrawal, rhythm method, or natural family planning;

^eUnweighted n, weighted percentage;

^fAdjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, marital status, education, type of insurance before pregnancy, pregnancy intention of most recent live birth, number of previous live births, currently breast-feeding, time since pregnancy (months), reporting area, and year;

^gStatistically significant at P < .05.