Smithuis 2010 MMR.

Methods	Trial design: A 5‐arm open‐label RCT Follow‐up: Assessment done weekly for 9 weeks and at any other time they became ill. Hb was only measured on day 63. Adverse event monitoring: Specific procedures not reported.
Participants	Number of participants: 811 Inclusion criteria: Acute uncomplicated malaria (parasite density 500 – 200,000 parasites/µL) or mixed infection, weight > 5 kg, age > 6 months, informed consent Exclusion criteria: Pregnancy, severe malaria, severe acute malnutrition (weight‐for‐height below 70% of median with or without symmetrical peripheral oedema), history of antimalarial treatment within preceding 48 hrs, history of taking mefloquine in past 8 weeks, known history of hypersensitivity to trial drugs.
Interventions	1. DHA‐P, fixed dose combination, 40 mg/320 mg adult tablets, 20 mg/160mg children's tablets DHA 2.5 mg/kg + P 20 mg/kg daily, given once daily for 3 days Supervised 2. Artemether‐lumefantrine, fixed dose combination, 20 mg/120mg tablets A 3.3 mg/kg + L 19.8 mg/kg daily, twice daily for 3 days Only first dose was supervised Patients were advised to take some fatty food. Mothers were encouraged to breastfeed treated infants before each dose 3. Artesunate amodiaquine, fixed dose combination, 25 mg/67.5mg tablets, 50 mg/135 mg tablets, 100 mg/270mg tablets AS 4 mg/kg + AQ 10.8 mg base/kg daily, once daily for 3 days Supervised 4. Artesunate plus mefloquine, fixed dose combination, 25 mg/55 mg tablets, 100mg/220mg tablets AS 4 mg/kg + MQ 8.8 mg/kg daily, once daily for 3 days Supervised 5. Artesunate plus mefloquine, loose combination AS 4 mg/kg once daily for 3 days MQ 25 mg base/kg as a single dose on day 0 Supervised Dose rounded off to nearest quarter tablet For children, tablets were crushed and syrup added.
Outcomes	Recurrence of P. falciparum after antimalarial treatment on days 28 and 63 PCR‐unadjusted and PCR‐adjusted P. vivax during follow‐up and median time to appearance Gametocyte carriage at days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 Mean change in Hb from day 0 to day 28 Adverse events Not included in the review: New gametocyte appearance at day 7 Gametocyte carriage after single dose of primaquine
Notes	Country: Myanmar Setting: Three clinics in Rakhine state Transmission: Seasonal and generally low Resistance: No resistance reported Dates: Dec 2008 to Mar 2009 Funding: Médecins sans Frontières (Holland) and the Wellcome Trust Mahidol University Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Programme
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	"random assignment was achieved by patients drawing an envelope from a box after enrolment".
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	"Treatment allocations were put in sealed envelopes in blocks of 50 for each age‐group".
Blinding for microscopy outcomes (performance bias and detection bias)	Low risk	"Microscopists examining blood films were unaware of treatment allocation".
Blinding for adverse events (performance and detection bias)	High risk	Described as "open‐label".
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Low losses to follow‐up in each treatment group (AA 3.2%, AL6 5.6%, AM‐F 4.1%, AM‐L 7.5%, DP 3.7%).
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Some WHO outcomes are not reported (for example, LTF, ETF).
Other bias	Low risk	No other sources of bias identified.