Table 2.

US Guidelines for dosing neonatal prophylaxis in infants born to HIV-infected mothers

Zidovudine (ZDV) dosing for neonates for the prevention of perinatal transmission of HIV*
Gestational age at birth	Dosing	Duration
>35 weeks	PO: 4mg/kg/dose twice daily	Birth through 4-6 weeks**
	IV: 3mg/kg/dose every 12 hours
≥30 to <35 weeks	PO: 2 mg/kg/dose every 12 hours, advanced to 3 mg/kg/dose every 12 hours at age 15 days	Birth through 6 weeks
	IV: 1.5mg/kg/dose every 12 hours, advanced to 2.3 mg/kg/dose every 12 hours at age 15 days
<30 weeks	PO: 2 mg/kg/dose every 12 hours, advanced to 3 mg/kg/dose every 12 hours after age 4 weeks	Birth through 6 weeks
	IV: 1.5 mg/kg/dose IV every 12 hours, advanced to 2.3 mg/kg/dose IV every 12 hours after age 4 weeks

Nevirapine (NVP) dosing for neonates (recommended in addition to ZDV, as shown above, for HIV-exposed infants of women who did not receive antepartum combination ART)
Birth weight	Dosing	Duration
1.5-2 kg	8 mg/dose PO	3 doses within the first week of life
		Dose 1: Administer as soon as possible after delivery, within 48 hours of birth
>2 kg	12 mg/dose PO	Dose 2: 48 hours after dose 1
		Dose 3: 96 hours after dose 2

^*For all infants, give first dose as soon as possible after birth, preferably within 6-12 hours of delivery. Use IV dosing if infant is unable to tolerate PO medication.

^**A 6-week course of neonatal ZDV is generally recommended. A 4-week course may be considered for infants born at ≥35 weeks when the mother has received standard ART during pregnancy with consistent viral suppression, and there are no concerns regarding maternal adherence.

Adapted from Panel on Treatment of HIV-infected Pregnant Women and Prevention of Perinatal Transmission. Recommendations for Use of Antiretroviral Drugs in Pregnant HIV-1-Infected Women for Maternal Health and Interventions to Reduce Perinatal HIV Transmission in the United States. p. E-12 “Recommended Neonatal Dosing for Prevention of Perinatal Transmission of HIV” [202].