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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Virol. 2015 May 13;12:91–98. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2015.04.004

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Mechanism by which K63-Ubn mediates oligomerization of RIG-I 2CARD. (A) Schematic of the structure of the RIG-I 2CARD tetramer non-covalently bound by K63-Ub2. The proximal and distal Ub's are bound to 2CARD in such a way that the proximal Ub can be covalently conjugated to the known Lys targets of 2CARD. (B) (left) It was previously thought that K63-Ubn conjugation activates a signaling pathway by recruiting specific Ub binding receptors to the target protein. In the case of RIG-I (right), K63-Ubn conjugation triggers self-assembly of 2CARDs due to its dual property as both the Ub conjugation target and the Ub receptor.