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. 2015 Mar 11;51(3):350–359. doi: 10.1007/s11627-015-9674-0

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© The Author(s) 2015

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.

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Figure 1. — Regeneration of plants from protoplasts of Gentiana decumbens: (a) freshly isolated green leaf mesophyll protoplasts, (b) protoplasts in agarose bead culture, (c) regeneration of cell walls demonstrated by calcofluor staining, (d) daughter cells formed after the first division of a protoplast-derived cell, (e) multicellular aggregate obtained after 7 wk of protoplast culture, (f) callus proliferating on CPM4 medium, (g) regenerating somatic embryo at the cotyledonary stage, (h) mature somatic embryo before conversion into plantlet, (i) protoplast-derived plant, (j, k) leaf morphology of a protoplast-derived regenerant (j), and a seed-derived parent plant (k).