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. 2015 Jun 4;2015:816164. doi: 10.1155/2015/816164

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Copyright © 2015 Wellington Santana da Silva Júnior et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Schematic diagram illustrating the role of DPP4 and its associations with diabetes, insulin resistance, and atherosclerosis. AGEs: advanced glycation end products; BNP: B-type natriuretic peptide; DPP4: dipeptidyl peptidase 4; EPCs: endothelial progenitor cells; GIP: glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide; GLP-1: glucagon-like peptide 1; ICAM-1: intercellular adhesion molecule-1; IL-6: interleukin-6; IL-8: interleukin-8; IR: insulin resistance; NO: nitric oxide; PAI-1: plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1; SDF-1α: stromal cell-derived factor 1α; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor α; VCAM-1: vascular cell adhesion molecule-1.