Table 2.
Prospective, randomized, controlled trials involving DPP4 inhibitors (gliptins) and cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients.
| Gliptin versus comparator | Study | Doses (mg/day) | Composite primary endpoints | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alogliptin versus placebo [22] | Examination of cardiovascular outcomes with alogliptin versus standard of care (EXAMINE)* | 6.25, 12.5, or 25 | Nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke, or CV death | Patients with T2DM recently hospitalized for an ACS (n = 5380) |
|
| ||||
| Saxagliptin versus placebo [23] | Saxagliptin assessment of vascular outcomes recorded in patients with diabetes mellitus – thrombolysis in myocardial infarction 53 trial (SAVOR-TIMI 53)** | 2.5 or 5 | Nonfatal MI, nonfatal ischemic stroke, or CV death | High-risk CV patients with T2DM (n = 16492) |
|
| ||||
| Linagliptin versus glimepiride [24] | Cardiovascular outcome study of the DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin (CAROLINA)** | 5 | Nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, or CV death | High-risk CV patients with T2DM (n = ~6000) |
|
| ||||
| Sitagliptin versus placebo [25] | Trial to evaluate cardiovascular outcomes after treatment with sitagliptin (TECOS)*** | 50 or 100 | Nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for unstable angina | Patients with T2DM and previous CV disease (n = ~14000) |