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. 2015 Jun 4;2015:816164. doi: 10.1155/2015/816164

Table 2.

Prospective, randomized, controlled trials involving DPP4 inhibitors (gliptins) and cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients.

Gliptin versus comparator Study Doses (mg/day) Composite primary endpoints Population
Alogliptin versus placebo [22] Examination of cardiovascular outcomes with alogliptin versus standard of care (EXAMINE)* 6.25, 12.5, or 25 Nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke, or CV death Patients with T2DM recently hospitalized for an ACS (n = 5380)

Saxagliptin versus placebo [23] Saxagliptin assessment of vascular outcomes recorded in patients with diabetes mellitus – thrombolysis in myocardial infarction 53 trial (SAVOR-TIMI 53)** 2.5 or 5 Nonfatal MI, nonfatal ischemic stroke, or CV death High-risk CV patients with T2DM (n = 16492)

Linagliptin versus glimepiride [24] Cardiovascular outcome study of the DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin (CAROLINA)** 5 Nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, or CV death High-risk CV patients with T2DM (n = ~6000)

Sitagliptin versus placebo [25] Trial to evaluate cardiovascular outcomes after treatment with sitagliptin (TECOS)*** 50 or 100 Nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for unstable angina Patients with T2DM and previous CV disease
(n = ~14000)

ACS: acute coronary syndrome; CV: cardiovascular; MI: myocardial infarction; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus. *Superiority trial. **Noninferiority and superiority trial. ***Noninferiority trial.  Ongoing study. This is adapted from [26, 27].