Figure 3.

Uptake of doxorubicin (DOX) or aspartate-modified DOX (Asp-DOX) in cancer cells measured by fluorescence microscopy and the expression of LAT1 and MDR1 in cancer cell lines. The uptake of DOX and Asp-DOX was determined by the levels of fluorescence (green) at λex = 475 nm and λem = 580 nm. The LAT1-positive cell line HepG2 (a) and LAT1-negative cell line H1299 (b) treated by DOX (a1–4 and b1–4) and Asp-DOX (a5–8 and b5–8) at different doses (0, 10, 20, and 50 μg/mL). (c, d) Expression of LAT1 (c) and MDR1 (d) in H1299, HepG2, HCT116, and MCF7 cancer cell lines; β-actin, housekeeping gene.