Table 2.
Dietary characteristics of the first in-person 24 h diet recall provided by elementary school-age children (9–11 years) and adolescents (12–15 years) who participated in the Daily D diet sub-study*, greater Boston area, MA, USA, October 2011 to December 2012
| Reported eating frequency† | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ‘Infrequent eaters’ | ‘Average eaters’ | ‘Frequent eaters’ | ||||
| (n 32) | (n 59) | (n 85) | ||||
| 1–3 occasions/d | 4 occasions/d | 5+ occasions/d | ||||
| Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | |
| Meal frequency‡ | 2·34a | 0·65 | 2·97b | 0·41 | 2·98b | 0·41 |
| Snack frequency§ | 0·5a | 0·62 | 1·0b | 0·41 | 2·5c | 0·88 |
| Diet quality|| | 49·2a | 10·9 | 56·4b | 11·5 | 55·5a,b | 13·0 |
| Energy intake (kJ) | 5535·8a | 2492·0 | 6575·4a | 1821·7 | 8443·9b | 2457·2 |
| Carbohydrate intake (g) | 166·8a | 75·1 | 209·0b | 68·4 | 274·8c | 87·4 |
| Protein intake (g) | 58·2a | 29·6 | 63·8a | 17·2 | 79·4b | 27·3 |
| Fat intake (g) | 47·9a | 29·8 | 55·4a | 21·7 | 69·4b | 27·4 |
| Average energy (kJ) per meal | 2073·7a | 966·7 | 1941·4a | 516·6 | 1964·0a | 585·3 |
| Average energy (kJ) per snack | 1257·7a | 916·9 | 890·1a | 576·9 | 1055a | 731·0 |
a,b,cMean values within a row with unlike superscript letters were significantly different (P<0·05) according to Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference test.
Participants were grouped into eating frequency categories using data from the first, in-person 24 h recall.
Eating frequency: number of reported daily eating occasions.
Meal frequency: number of reported daily meals (breakfast, lunch, dinner/supper).
Snack frequency: number of reported daily snacks.
As measured by the HEI-2005 (Healthy Eating Index 2005) total score.