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. 2015 Apr 7;4(6):936–952. doi: 10.1002/cam4.461

Table 2.

Meat intake and colorectal cancer risk, by cancer site and MSI status

Cancer site MMR status
Colorectal Cancer Colon cancer Rectal cancer MMR-proficient MMR-deficient
Meat variables (g/1000 kcal/day) CO/CA OR1 95% CI Cases OR1 95% CI Cases OR1 95% CI Het P Cases OR1 95% CI Cases OR1 95% CI Het P
Total nonprocessed red meat
 Q1:0–10.81 702/633 1.0REF 396 1.0REF 151 1.0REF 171 1.0REF 47 1.0REF
 Q2:10.81–16.04 700/644 1.0 0.9–1.2 380 1.1 0.9–1.3 168 1.0 0.8–1.3 152 0.8 0.6–1.0 47 0.9 0.6–1.4
 Q3:16.04–21.11 700/707 1.2 1.0–1.4 429 1.2 1.0–1.5 199 1.3 1.0–1.6 201 1.0 0.8–1.3 53 1.1 0.7–1.7
 Q4:21.12–28.19 701/680 1.2 1.0–1.4 396 1.2 1.0–1.4 187 1.1 0.8–1.4 179 0.8 0.7–1.1 47 1.0 0.6–1.5
 Q5:28.19–102.43 701/686 1.2 1.0–1.4 391 1.2 0.9–1.4 202 1.2 0.9–1.5 173 0.8 0.6–1.0 49 1.0 0.6–1.7
 Ptrend 0.085 0.152 0.315 0.781 0.104 0.835 0.265
Beef
 Q1:0–7.69 702/687 1.0REF 436 1.0REF 155 1.0REF 167 1.0REF 42 1.0REF
 Q2:7.7–11.49 699/652 1.0 0.9–1.2 377 0.9 0.8–1.1 185 1.2 0.9–1.5 165 0.9 0.7–1.1 54 1.2 0.8–1.9
 Q3:11.49–15.08 701/654 1.0 0.9–1.2 396 1.0 0.8–1.2 174 1.1 0.8–1.4 171 0.9 0.7–1.1 46 1.0 0.7–1.6
 Q4:15.09–20.06 701/672 1.1 0.9–1.3 400 1.1 0.9–1.3 184 1.1 0.9–1.4 192 0.9 0.7–1.2 55 1.3 0.8–2.0
 Q5:20.08–83.77 701/685 1.1 0.9–1.3 383 1.0 0.8–1.2 209 1.2 0.9–1.6 181 0.9 0.7–1.1 46 1.0 0.7–1.7
 Ptrend 0.289 0.593 0.252 0.292 0.414 0.968 0.759
Pork
 Q1:0–1.32 702/617 1.0REF 383 1.0REF 154 1.0REF 159 1.0REF 50 1.0REF
 Q2:1.32–3.01 700/641 1.0 0.9–1.2 388 1.0 0.8–1.2 163 1.0 0.8–1.3 180 1.0 0.8–1.3 50 1.0 0.6–1.4
 Q3:3.01–4.84 701/660 1.1 0.9–1.2 383 1.0 0.9–1.2 178 1.1 0.8–1.3 160 0.9 0.7–1.1 49 1.0 0.6–1.5
 Q4:4.85–7.44 701/743 1.2 1.0–1.4 440 1.2 1.0–1.4 207 1.2 0.9–1.5 195 1.0 0.8–1.3 53 1.0 0.7–1.6
 Q5:7.44–49.62 700/689 1.1 1.0–1.3 398 1.1 0.9–1.3 205 1.1 0.9–1.5 182 0.9 0.7–1.2 41 0.9 0.6–1.4
 Ptrend 0.069 0.224 0.133 0.562 0.585 0.714 0.837
Organ meat
 Q1:0–0 1124/884 1.0REF 554 1.0REF 206 1.0REF 250 1.0REF 79 1.0REF
 Q2:0–0 278/282 1.2 1.0–1.4 152 1.1 0.8–1.4 91 1.4 1.0–1.9 91 1.1 0.8–1.5 20 0.9 0.5–1.5
 Q3:0–0 700/650 1.1 1.0–1.3 382 1.1 0.9–1.3 176 1.3 1.0–1.6 178 1.0 0.8–1.3 49 1.0 0.7–1.5
 Q4:0–0.02 701/755 1.0 0.9–1.2 431 0.9 0.8–1.1 233 1.4 1.1–1.7 181 0.9 0.7–1.2 38 0.8 0.5–1.2
 Q5:0.02–0.64 701/779 1.2 1.0–1.4 473 1.2 1.0–1.4 201 1.3 1.0–1.6 176 1.0 0.8–1.3 57 1.1 0.7–1.6
 Ptrend 0.058 0.02 0.47 0.215 0.708 0.346 0.205
Processed red meat
 Q1:0–3.97 701/592 1.0REF 347 1.0REF 152 1.0REF 151 1.0REF 46 1.0REF
 Q2:3.97–6.74 701/659 1.1 0.9–1.2 411 1.2 1.0–1.4 155 0.9 0.7–1.2 154 0.9 0.7–1.2 64 1.3 0.9–2.0
 Q3:6.75–9.53 701/618 1.0 0.8–1.2 368 1.0 0.9–1.3 165 0.9 0.7–1.2 157 0.9 0.7–1.1 41 0.9 0.5–1.3
 Q4:9.53–13.86 701/688 1.1 0.9–1.3 396 1.1 0.9–1.3 220 1.2 0.9–1.5 202 1.1 0.8–1.4 39 0.8 0.5–1.3
 Q5:13.87–122.42 700/793 1.1 1.0–1.4 470 1.2 1.0–1.5 215 1.0 0.8–1.4 212 1.1 0.8–1.4 53 1.1 0.7–1.8
 Ptrend 0.105 0.092 0.277 0.733 0.136 0.929 0.34
Sausage and lunchmeats
 Q1:0–0.08 702/582 1.0REF 350 1.0REF 142 1.0REF 138 1.0REF 44 1.0REF
 Q2:0.08–0.14 700/657 1.1 0.9–1.3 395 1.1 0.9–1.4 169 1.1 0.8–1.4 148 1.0 0.7–1.3 58 1.3 0.8–1.9
 Q3:0.14–0.22 701/706 1.2 1.0–1.4 409 1.2 1.0–1.4 190 1.1 0.9–1.5 194 1.2 1.0–1.6 56 1.2 0.8–1.9
 Q4:0.22–0.32 700/654 1.0 0.9–1.2 396 1.1 0.9–1.3 195 1.1 0.9–1.5 179 1.1 0.8–1.4 40 0.9 0.6–1.4
 Q5:0.32–3.86 701/751 1.2 1.0–1.4 442 1.2 1.0–1.4 211 1.2 0.9–1.5 217 1.3 1.0–1.7 45 1.0 0.6–1.6
 Ptrend 0.187 0.177 0.231 0.86 0.029 0.408 0.069
Poultry
 Q1:0–7.86 702/634 1.0REF 372 1.0REF 183 1.0REF 173 1.0REF 55 1.0REF
 Q2:7.86–11.86 700/642 1.0 0.9–1.2 384 1.1 0.9–1.3 166 0.9 0.7–1.1 192 1.1 0.9–1.4 63 1.2 0.8–1.7
 Q3:11.86–16.73 701/687 1.0 0.9–1.2 393 1.0 0.9–1.2 189 1.0 0.8–1.2 183 1.0 0.8–1.3 49 0.9 0.6–1.4
 Q4:16.73–24.66 701/664 1.0 0.8–1.2 396 1.0 0.8–1.2 180 0.9 0.7–1.2 165 0.9 0.7–1.2 43 0.8 0.5–1.2
 Q5:24.67–230.97 700/723 0.9 0.8–1.1 447 1.0 0.8–1.2 189 0.9 0.7–1.1 163 0.9 0.7–1.2 33 0.6 0.4–1.0
 Ptrend 0.362 0.46 0.485 0.807 0.368 0.017 0.151
Processed poultry
 Q1:0–0.04 702/590 1.0REF 353 1.0REF 160 1.0REF 142 1.0REF 43 1.0REF
 Q2:0.04–0.15 701/646 1.1 0.9–1.2 362 1 0.9–1.2 188 1.1 0.8–1.4 161 1.0 0.8–1.3 60 1.4 0.9–2.1
 Q3:0.15–0.63 701/698 1.1 0.9–1.3 407 1.1 0.9–1.3 186 1.1 0.8–1.3 184 1.2 0.9–1.5 48 1.1 0.7–1.7
 Q4:0.63–1.65 699/657 1.0 0.8–1.1 395 1.0 0.8–1.2 166 0.9 0.7–1.1 182 1.1 0.9–1.4 45 1.0 0.7–1.6
 Q5:1.65–37.93 701/759 1.1 1.0–1.3 475 1.2 1.0–1.4 207 1.1 0.9–1.4 207 1.3 1.0–1.6 47 1.0 0.7–1.6
 Ptrend 0.339 0.055 0.794 0.214 0.046 0.548 0.166
Total processed meats (red meat + poultry)
 Q1:0–4.43 702/593 1.0REF 346 1.0REF 155 1.0REF 146 1.0REF 44 1.0REF
 Q2:4.43–7.35 700/643 1.1 0.9–1.2 395 1.2 1.0–1.4 159 0.9 0.7–1.2 154 1.0 0.8–1.3 58 1.3 0.8–1.9
 Q3:7.36–10.62 701/640 1.0 0.9–1.2 383 1.1 0.9–1.3 165 0.9 0.7–1.1 161 0.9 0.7–1.2 53 1.1 0.7–1.8
 Q4:10.63–15.29 701/654 1.0 0.8–1.2 385 1.1 0.9–1.3 200 1.0 0.8–1.3 197 1.1 0.9–1.4 36 0.8 0.5–1.3
 Q5:15.29–152.04 700/820 1.2 1.0–1.4 483 1.3 1.0–1.5 228 1.1 0.8–1.4 218 1.2 0.9–1.5 52 1.2 0.7–1.8
 Ptrend 0.054 0.05 0.2 0.715 0.052 0.942 0.249

CO, controls; CA, cases; MMR, mismatch repair; MSI, microsatellite instability; Het P:P-value of test of heterogeneity.

1

OR adjusted for age (years, continuous), BMI (<25, 25.0–29.9, ≥30), gender, race (NHW, AA, Asian and others), saturated fat (g/1000 kcal/day), dietary fiber (g/1000 kcal/day), center, vegetables (g/1000 kcal/day), physical activity (h/week, continuous), and total calorie intake (kcal/day, continuous).