Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of adolescents with type 1 diabetes by randomization condition

	Intervention (Pet Fish)	Control (Usual Care)	P-value
n	16	12
Baseline A1C (%)	10 ± 1.12	10.4 ± 1.5	0.4
Baseline A1C (mmol/mol)	86 ± 9.9	90 ± 14	0.4
Age (years)	14.3 ± 2	14 ± 1.9	0.63
Male (%)	43	25	0.43
Race (%)
Caucasian	56	33	0.28
African American	44	58	0.45
Other	0	9	0.43
Hispanic (%)	7	9	1
Time since DM diagnosis (years)	7.2 ± 4.5	5.4 ± 4.3	0.3
No pets at home (%)	56	67	0.7
Pet at home without subject responsibility (%)	43	33	0.7
Zip code based annual household income (k dollars)	54.8 ± 20.2	51.8 ± 22.7	0.7
Peds QL - Generic Core (4.0 SF-15)
Physical Health Summary Score	79.4 ± 15.6	77.2 ± 20.1	0.7
Psychosocial Health Summary Score	74.4 ± 15.5	70.8 ± 19.2	0.56
Total Score	76.2 ± 13.7	72.9 ± 15.7	0.56
Peds QL - Diabetes Module (3.2)
Diabetes	62.5 ± 14	55 ± 16	0.19
Treatment I	73.4 ± 16.9	67.1 ± 15	0.3
Treatment II	73.7 ± 14	75 ± 21	0.8
Worry	62.1 ± 19.3	62.8 ± 26.9	0.9
Communication	73.3 ± 18	74.5 ± 23	0.9
Self Management of Diabetes in Adolescents
Collaboration with Parents	15.9 ± 8.6	22.4 ± 9.5	0.14
Diabetes Care Activities	24.5 ± 5.2	29.4 ± 5.5	0.06
Diabetes Problem Solving	12.7 ± 4.4	11.4 ± 4	0.5
Diabetes Communication	13.9 ± 5.9	16.1 ± 8	0.5
Goals	13.4 ± 3.5	14.4 ± 3.1	0.5

Data shown as mean ± SD