Table II.

Histomorphometric analyses of bone bridging and area of regenerated bone in calvarial defects from diabetic and non-diabetic animals treated with rhBMP-2.

Group number and name	Bone bridging (% +/− SD)	Bone area (mm2 +/− SD)
1. Diabetic (no ACS)	23.28 +/− 11.2	0.14 ± 0.009
2. Normal (no ACS)	47.64 +/− 24.02	0.19 ± 0.01
3. Diabetic + 0.4 µg BMP-2	87.09 +/− 24.58	0.47 +/− 0.19
4. Diabetic + 1.8 µg BMP-2	100 +/− 0	0.75 +/− 0.17
5. Normal + 0.4 µg BMP-2	100 +/− 0	0.66 +/− 0.19
6. Normal + 1.8 µg BMP-2	100 +/− 0	1.01 +/− 0.25
7. Diabetic (+ ACS)	14. 25 +/− 3.27	0.09 +/− 0.008
8. Normal (+ACS)	24.56 +/− 10.46	0.12 +/− 0.008

Bone bridging measurements were made from serial sections (4µm), and were stained with H&E or Masson’s Trichrome. Specimens from the center of the defects were analyzed. Linear measurements of bone in-growth from the rims of the initial defects towards its center were quantified after 14 days of healing. Bone bridging was expressed as a percentage of the total defect width. (B) Area of regenerated bone. Area of regenerated bone was measured from digitally-captured images of stained slides. Boundaries of the features of interest were traced with a mouse-driven cursor on video images on the display monitor with a hand-held mouse. The area of the outlined image was then calculated electronically with the software package. Bone area was measured in three slides for each bone defect from each animal (n = 8). The readings were averaged to obtain means for each bone defect, and both defects were averaged to obtain the mean for every animal, that was used as the unit for statistical analyses. Results were presented as means +/− standard error.