Table 1.

Significant microbiota composition changes in nonalcoholic liver disease

Disease comparison	Samples	Microbiota variations (family_genus)	Techniques	References
Non-NASH cirrhotic patients (n = 181) versus NASH cirrhotic patients (n = 32)	Stool	↑Bacterioidaceae ↑Porphyromonadaceae ↓Veillonellaceae	16S rRNA MT pyrosequencing	[13]
Healthy (n = 17) versus NASH (n = 22)	Stool	↓Phylum: Bacteroidetes	qPCR	[7]
Simple steatosis (n = 11) versus NASH (n = 22)	Stool	↓Phylum: Bacteroidetes ↑ C. coccoides	qPCR	[7]
Healthy (n = 30) versus obese NAFLD (n = 30)	Stool	↑Veillonellaceae ↑Kiloniellaceae ↑Pasteurellaceae ↑Lactobacillaceae ↑Lachnospiraceae ↓Ruminococcaceae ↓Porphyromonadaceae ↑Lactobacillaceae_Lactobacillus ↑Lachnospiraceae_Dorea ↑Lachnospiraceae_Robinsoniella ↑Lachnospiraceae_Roseburia ↓Ruminococcaceae_Oscillibacter	16S rRNA MT pyrosequencing	[8]
Obese (n = 25) versus NASH (n = 22) children	Stool	↑Enterobacteriaceae ↑Enterobacteriaceae_Escherichia	16S rRNA MT pyrosequencing	[6]
Healthy (n = 16) versus NASH (n = 22) children	Stool	↑Enterobacteriaceae ↑Enterobacteriaceae_Escherichia ↓Bifidobacteriaceae_Bifidobacterium ↓Bifidobacteriaceae ↑Prevotellaceae ↑Prevotellaceae_Prevotella ↓Rikenellaceae ↓Rikenellaceae_Alistipes ↑Clostridiales XI_Peptoniphilus ↓Lachnospiraceae ↓Lachnospiraceae_Blautia ↓Lachnospiraceae_Coprococcus ↓Eubacteriaceae_Eubacterium ↓Lachnospiraceae_Roseburia ↓Ruminococcaceae ↓Ruminococcaceae_Oscillospira ↓Ruminococcaceae_Ruminococcus ↓Ruminococcaceae_Unclassified ↑Alcaligenaceae	16S rRNA MT pyrosequencing	[6]