Table 2.
Nutrient intakes of 36- to 59-month-old children and probability of adequacy of micronutrient intakes during the lean and post-harvest seasons in rural Burkina Faso (Medians and 25th–75th percentiles)
| Nutrient intake | Probability of adequacy | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lean season (n 425) | Post-harvest season (n 448) | Lean season (n 425) | Post-harvest season (n 448) | ||||||||
| EAR* | Median | 25th − 75th percentiles | Median | 25th − 75th percentiles | P† | Mean | Median | Mean | Median | P‡ | |
| Energy (kJ) | – | 4962 | 4096 − 5891 | 4966 | 4105 − 5740 | 0·27 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Protein (g) | – | 44 | 35 − 56 | 50 | 40 − 67 | <0·0001 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Fat (g) | – | 21 | 14 − 29 | 25 | 16 − 37 | <0·0001 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Ca (mg) | 500 − 800 | 248 | 171 − 340 | 367 | 251 − 505 | <0·0001 | 0·05 | 0 | 0·14 | 0 | <0·0001 |
| Fe (mg) | 10·8 − 14·8 | 12·5 | 9·6 − 15·8 | 15·6 | 12·5 − 19·6 | <0·0001 | 0·51 | 0·55 | 0·62 | 0·65 | <0·0001 |
| Zn (mg) | 2 − 4 | 6·5 | 5·3 − 7·9 | 6·6 | 5·4 − 8·0 | 0·72 | 0·96 | 1·00 | 0·95 | 1·00 | 0·24 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 25 | 11 | 7 − 18 | 16 | 8 − 29 | <0·0001 | 0·10 | 0 | 0·31 | 0 | <0·0001 |
| Thiamin (mg) | 0·4 − 0·5 | 0·5 | 0·4 − 0·6 | 0·6 | 0·5 − 0·8 | <0·0001 | 0·58 | 0·79 | 0·75 | 1·00 | <0·0001 |
| Riboflavin (mg) | 0·4 − 0·5 | 0·5 | 0·4 − 0·7 | 0·6 | 0·5 − 0·8 | <0·0001 | 0·67 | 0·96 | 0·77 | 1·00 | <0·0001 |
| Niacin (mg) | 4·6 − 9·2 | 7 | 5 − 9 | 9 | 7 − 12 | <0·0001 | 0·61 | 0·86 | 0·67 | 0·95 | 0·02 |
| Folate (µg DFE) | 120 − 160 | 91 | 63 − 139 | 175 | 121 − 236 | <0·0001 | 0·28 | 0 | 0·64 | 0·98 | <0·0001 |
| Vitamin B12 (µg) | 0·7 − 1 | 0·1 | 0 − 0·8 | 0·1 | 0 − 0·3 | 0·73 | 0·25 | 0 | 0·07 | 0 | <0·0001 |
| Vitamin A (µg RE) | 200 | 168 | 103 − 248 | 132 | 65 − 234 | 0·02 | 0·40 | 0·21 | 0·33 | 0·05 | 0·02 |
| Overall | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0·43 | 0·46 | 0·52 | 0·54 | <0·0001 |
EAR, estimated average requirement; DFE, dietary folate equivalents; RE, retinol equivalents.
* EAR differ according to the age of children; EAR from the WHO/FAO(22) except Zn(23) and Fe(24).
† Differences between lean and post-harvest season were determined by linear mixed models accounting for repeated measures and survey design using transformed nutrient variables.
‡ Differences between lean and post-harvest season were determined by the Wilcoxon sign-rank test using data from children with intakes from both seasons (n 401).