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. 2014 Nov 13;3:e56. doi: 10.1017/jns.2014.51

Table 4.

Fasting glucose, insulin and lipid profiles pre- and post-intervention and change over the intervention†

(Mean values with their standard errors)

Control Cornflakes Oat porridge
Pre Post Change Pre Post Change Pre Post Change
Mean sem Mean sem Mean sem Mean sem Mean sem Mean sem Mean sem Mean sem Mean sem
Serum glucose (mmol/l) 5·1 0·1 5·0 0·1 −0·1 0·1 5·1 0·1 5·1 0·1 −0·04 0·2 4·8 0·1 5·0 0·1 0·2 0·1
Glycated albumin (mg/g) 0·97 0·02 0·9 0·02 −0·01 0·02 0·93 0·02 0·91 0·02 −0·02 0·01 0·96 0·02 0·93 0·02 −0·03 0·03
Serum insulin (pmol/l) 143·4 23·2 128·2 15·1 −15·1 15·0 134·3 16·4 132·0 15·2 −2·3 11·5 121·2 16·9 117·3 15·5 −7·1 6·5
Plasma leptin (μg/l) 21·5 4·6 19·5 4·2 −2·0 1·8 20·2 4·6 22·5 4·3 2·3 1·2 24·5 4·6 23·1 4·2 −1·4 2·3
HOMA-IR 4·7 0·8 4·1 0·5 −0·6 0·5 4·3 0·5 4·3 0·5 −0·1 0·3 3·8 0·6 3·8 0·6 0·1 0·2
Plasma cholesterol (mmol/l)
 Total 5·6 0·5 5·9 0·5 0·4 0·1 5·3 0·3 5·2* 0·3 −0·1* 0·2 5·1 0·3 4·9* 0·3 −0·3* 0·1
 HDL 1·12 0·11 1·16 0·12 0·04 0·03 1·25 0·10 1·30 0·10 0·05 0·05 1·02 0·41 1·01 0·05 −0·02 0·03
 LDL 3·70 0·39 3·86 0·48 0·16 0·21 3·53 0·24 3·41 0·22 −0·12 0·17 3·50 0·32 3·19 0·28 −0·30 0·15
Plasma TAG (mmol/l) 1·66 0·41 1·77 0·41 0·11 0·15 1·07 0·20 1·05 0·14 −0·02 0·15 1·34 0·25 1·48 0·30 0·14 0·19

HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance.

*Mean value was significantly different from that of the control group (P < 0·05).

†The effect of breakfast group was analysed using ANOVA for pre-intervention measures, and ANCOVA with the pre-intervention value as a covariate for the post-intervention and for the change (post–pre) in measures.