(A) TEM image of Gd2O3:Eu nanotemplates, (B) TEM image of silica-coated Gd2O3:Eu, (C) TEM image of silica coated with partially etched Gd2O3:Eu core (Gd2O3@SiO2), (D) TEM image of radioluminescent and upconversion nanophosphors (Gd2O2S:Eu@Gd2O2S:Yb/Tm), (E) SEM image of radioluminescent and upconversion nanophosphors (Gd2O2S:Eu@Gd2O2S:Yb/Tm), (F) TEM image of HL/CS coated radioluminescent and upconversion nanophosphors with encapsulated MTX (Gd2O2S:Eu@MTX@Gd2O2S:Yb/Tm@HL/CS).