Table 1.
Number (%) or mean (±SD) | IADL | P-valuea | Gait Speedb | P-valuea | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||
IADL=0 (n=780) |
IADL ≥1 (n=359) |
≥ 0.8 m/s (n=553) |
< 0.8 m/s (n=566) |
||||
Age at study entry (years) | 74 (±6) | 76 (±6) | <0.001 | 73 (±5) | 76 (±6) | <0.001 | |
Age at the time of incident HF | 81 (±6) | 82 (±4) | 0.04 | 80 (±6) | 82 (±6) | <0.001 | |
Female | 361 (46%) | 224 (62%) | <0.001 | 224 (41%) | 345 (61%) | <0.001 | |
Non-white race | 99 (13%) | 64 (18%) | 0.02 | 56 (10%) | 101 (18%) | <0.001 | |
Married | 513 (66%) | 221 (62%) | 0.18 | 396 (72%) | 328 (58%) | <0.001 | |
Education (college or higher) | 325 (42%) | 133 (37%) | 0.15 | 264 (48%) | 186 (33%) | <0.001 | |
Income > $25,000 | 254 (33%) | 99 (28%) | 0.09 | 206 (37%) | 141 (25%) | <0.001 | |
General health fair to poor | 185 (24%) | 176 (49%) | <0.001 | 125 (23%) | 235 (41%) | <0.001 | |
Smoking (pack years) | 20 (±28) | 18 (±28) | 0.31 | 17 (±27) | 22 (±28) | 0.002 | |
Myocardial Infarction | 109 (149%) | 69 (19%) | 0.02 | 94 (17%) | 82 (14%) | 0.25 | |
Coronary artery disease | 198 (25%) | 126 (35%) | 0.001 | 170 (31%) | 149 (26%) | 0.10 | |
Hypertension | 421 (54%) | 214 (60%) | 0.08 | 301 (54%) | 324 (57%) | 0.34 | |
Diabetes mellitus | 187 (24%) | 85 (24%) | 0.90 | 125 (23%) | 142 (25%) | 0.33 | |
Stroke | 35 (5%) | 27 (8%) | 0.05 | 27 (5%) | 45 (8%) | 0.11 | |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 90 (11%) | 74 (21%) | <0.001 | 76 (14%) | 86 (15%) | 0.49 | |
Cancer | 108 (14%) | 62 (17%) | 0.13 | 90 (16%) | 77 (14%) | 0.21 | |
Kidney disease | 192 (25%) | 114 (32%) | 0.01 | 138 (25%) | 165 (29%) | 0.11 | |
Depression score | 4.1 (±4.1) | 6.4 (±5.1) | <0.001 | 3.9 (±3.9) | 5.7 (±5.0) | <0.001 | |
Mini Mental State Examination score | 28 (±2) | 27 (±3) | 0.001 | 28 (±2) | 27 (±3) | <0.001 |
P-values are calculated using Pearson Chi-Square tests of association for categorical variables and F tests of equal means for continuous variables.
Twenty participants had missing gait speed data.