Table 4.
Operative and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing robotic pancreatoduodenectomy (RPD) with (RPD + HAA) and without (RPD – HAA) hepatic arterial anomalies
| RPD + HAA (n = 30) | RPD − HAA (n = 112) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operative information | |||
| Operation time, min, mean ± SD | 500.7 ± 105.2 | 529.5 ± 103.2 | 0.179 |
| Patients transfused, n (%) | 3 (10.0%) | 30 (26.8%) | 0.194 |
| EBL, ml, median (IQR) | 250 (150–400) | 300 (150–550) | 0.742 |
| EBL <500 ml, n (%) | 6 (20.0%) | 34 (30.4%) | 0.361 |
| Duct size, mm, mean ± SD | 5.3 ± 3.8 | 4.9 ± 4.3 | 0.659 |
| Dilated duct (<3 mm), n (%) | 16 (53.3%) | 52 (46.4%) | 0.532 |
| Conversion to open surgery, n (%) | 0 | 11 (9.8%) | 0.120 |
| Perioperative outcomes | |||
| Mortality within 90 days, n (%) | 2 (6.7%) | 3 (2.7%) | 0.285 |
| Complications (Clavien grade), n (%) | |||
| Grades I and II | 15 (50.0%) | 45 (40.2%) | 0.183 |
| Grades III and IV | 4 (13.3%) | 29 (25.8%) | |
| Reoperation, n (%) | 0 | 4 (3.6%) | 0.579 |
| Pseudoaneurysm, n (%) | 2 (6.7%) | 7 (6.3%) | 1.00 |
| Pancreatic leak, n (%) | 8 (26.7%) | 17 (15.2%) | 0.177 |
| Pancreatic leak (ISGPF grade), n (%) | |||
| No leak | 22 (73.3%) | 95 (84.8%) | 0.324 |
| Grade A | 4 (13.3%) | 8 (7.1%) | |
| Grade B | 3 (10.0%) | 5 (4.5%) | |
| Grade C | 1 (3.3%) | 4 (3.6%) | |
| Delayed gastric emptying, n (%) | 3 (10.0%) | 26 (23.2%) | 0.132 |
| Hospital LoS, days, median (range) | 9.5 (7–13) | 10 (8–14) | 0.297 |
| Readmission within 90 days, n (%) | 6 (20.0%) | 33 (29.5%) | 0.363 |
EBL, estimated blood loss; IQR, interquartile range; ISGPF, International Study Group of Pancreatic Fistula; LoS, length of stay; SD, standard deviation.