Table 4.
Univariate and multivariate analysis of preoperative predictors of 3-month mortality in 149 patients submitted to liver resection for huge (≥10 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma
| 3-month mortality | Univariate analysis P-value | Multivariate analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes n = 27 (18.1%) | No n = 122 (81.9%) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | ||
| Preoperative factors | |||||
| Patient factors | |||||
| Male gender, n (%) | 22 (81.5%) | 95 (77.9%) | 0.6791 | ||
| CCI weight-index ≥3, mean ± SD | 0.26 ± 0.53 | 0.23 ± 0.46 | 0.7674 | ||
| CCI age-adjusted ≥3, mean ± SD | 1.519 ± 1.252 | 1.615 ± 1.153 | 0.6998 | ||
| Portal vein embolization, n (%) | 3 (11.1%) | 7 (5.7%) | 0.3126 | ||
| Aetiology of liver disease, n (%) | |||||
| HBV infection | 10 (37%) | 29 (23.8%) | 0.7524 | ||
| HCV infection | 2 (7.4%) | 7 (5.7%) | |||
| Alcohol | 1 (3.7%) | 9 (7.4%) | |||
| Metabolic syndrome | 1 (3.7%) | 5 (4.1%) | |||
| Haemochromatosis | 0 | 1 (0.8%) | |||
| None | 13 (48.1%) | 71 (58.2%) | |||
| Preoperative blood tests | |||||
| Total bilirubin <34 μmol/l, n (%) | 3 (11.1%) | 1 (0.8%) | 0.0028 | 0.0443 | 16.470 (1.073–252.753) |
| Platelet count <150 000/ml, n (%) | 8 (29.6%) | 11 (9%) | 0.0037 | 0.0098 | 5.039 (1.477–17.193) |
| AST, IU/l, mean ± SD | 134.6 ± 128.0 | 72.3 ± 80.2 | 0.0022 | 0.8030 | |
| ALT, IU/l, mean ± SD | 59.8 ± 58.3 | 52.4 ± 63.4 | 0.5911 | ||
| α-fetoprotein, ng/ml, mean ± SD | 83 257 ± 2 502 497 | 27 537 ± 96 306 | 0.0618 | 0.4593 | |
| Tumour factors | |||||
| Maximum tumour size, mean ± SD | 167.2 ± 46.0 | 142.9 ± 39.8 | 0.0062 | 0.2184 | |
| Single versus multiple tumours, n (%) | 22 (81.5%)/5 (18.5%) | 100 (82%)/22 (18%) | 0.9527 | ||
| Macroscopic vascular invasion, n (%) | 17 (63%) | 28 (23%) | <0.0001 | 0.0041 | 5.138 (1.678–15.728) |
| Tumour number, mean ± SD | 1.5 ± 1.6 | 1.7 ± 3.0 | 0.6927 | ||
| Status of underlying liver parenchyma, n (%) | |||||
| Normal | 7 (26%) | 41 (33.6%) | 0.2385 | ||
| Chronic hepatitis or fibrosis | 13 (4.1%) | 65 (53.2%) | |||
| Cirrhotic liver | 7 (26%) | 16 (13.1%) | |||
95% CI, 95% confidence interval; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; SD, standard deviation.