Table 2.
Nasopharyngeal carriage and resistance of Pnc and Hi in children with AOM before/after PCV13 implementation
| Carriage | Before PCV13 | After PCV13 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 3,498 (%) | n = 3,702 (%) | ||
| Pnc | 2026 (57.9) | 2007 (54.2) | |
| Penicillin susceptible | 1069 (52.9) | 1223 (61.0) | <0.001 |
| Penicillin intermediate-resistant | 950 (47.0) | 772 (38.5) | |
| Penicillin resistant | 3 (0.1) | 10 (0.5) | |
| Erythromycin susceptible | 1119 (55.3) | 1351 (67.4) | <0.001 |
| Erythromycin intermediate | 109 (5.4) | 42 (2.1) | |
| Erythromycin resistant | 794 (39.3) | 613 (30.6) | |
| PCV7 vaccine types | 193(9.5) | 64 (3.2) | <0.001 |
| Additional PCV13 vaccine types | 648 (32.0) | 223 (11.1) | |
| Non-vaccine types | 1185 (58.5) | 1720 (85.7) | |
| Hi | 1686 (48.2) | 1938 (52.4) | |
| ß-lactamase–producing strains | 289 (17.1) | 230 (11.9) | <0.001 |
| BLNAR+ | 130 (7.7) | 159 (8.2) | 0.74 |
| ß-lactamase + BLNAR- | 264 (15.7) | 209 (10.8) | |
| ß-lactamase + BLNAR+ | 25 (1.4) | 21 (1.1) | |
| ß-lactamase- BLNAR+ | 105 (6.2) | 138 (7.1) | |
| ß-lactamase- BLNAR- | 1292 (76.6) | 1570 (81.0) | |
| No carriage | 693 (19.8) | 773 (20.9) | |
| Hi or Pnc carriage | 1898 (54.3) | 1913 (51.7) | 0.09 |
| Hi and Pnc carriage | 907 (25.9) | 1016 (27.4) |
Pnc: pneumococcus; Hi: H. influenzae; BLNAR: ß-lactamase–nonproducing ampicillin-resistant