Table 5.
Healthcare resource utilization for ICU patients with S. aureus or P. aeruginosa pneumonia versus controls through 90 days post index hospitalization
| Cohorts of interest | S. aureus pneumonia vs No pneumonia | P. aeruginosa pneumonia vs No pneumonia | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No pneumonia | S. aureus pneumonia | P. aeruginosa pneumonia | Odds Ratio/Differencea | P Valuea | Odds Ratio/Differenceb | P Valueb | |
| (95 % CI) | (95 % CI) | ||||||
| No. of patients completing 90 day follow up periodc | n = 189,597 | n = 1685 | n = 687 | ||||
| All-cause inpatient hospitalizations | |||||||
| No. (%) of patients with ≥1 event | 44,246 (23.3) | 641 (38.0) | 295 (42.9) | 2.02 (1.83, 2.23) | <.001 | 2.48 (2.13, 2.88) | <.001 |
| Mean (SD) events per patient with at least 1 event | 1.5 (1.0) | 1.9 (2.0) | 2.0 (1.9) | 0.45 (0.34, 0.56) | <.001 | 0.46 (0.31, 0.63) | <.001 |
| Mean (SD) length of stay per patient with at least 1 event | 7.8 (10.7) | 14.7 (18.4) | 17.5 (19.8) | 6.96 (5.82, 8.19) | <.001 | 9.79 (7.85. 11.97) | <.001 |
| No. (%) of patients with ≥1 hospitalization for pneumonia due to S. aureus | 112 (0.06) | 64 (3.8) | 20 (2.9) | 66.80 (48.95, 91.17) | <.001 | 50.74 (31.34, 82.14) | <.001 |
| No. (%) of patients with ≥1 hospitalization for pneumonia due to P. aeruginosa | 63 (0.03) | 29 (1.7) | 59 (8.6) | 52.69 (33.85, 82.01) | <.001 | 282.61(196.46, 406.55) | <.001 |
| ICU stays | |||||||
| No. (%) of patients with ≥1 event | 9,399 (5.0) | 163 (9.7) | 97 (14.1) | 2.05 (1.75, 2.42) | <.001 | 3.15 (2.54, 3.91) | <.001 |
| Mean (SD) events per patients with at least 1 event | 1.1 (0.4) | 1.1 (0.3) | 1.2 (0.5) | -0.02 (-0.17, 0.15) | .80 | 0.10 (-0.10, 0.34) | .37 |
| Mean (SD) length of stay per patients with at least 1 event | 1.6 (3.6) | 3.5 (10.1) | 1.9 (3.6) | 1.92 (1.46, 2.44) | <.001 | 0.34 (-0.01, 0.77) | .06 |
| No. (%) of patients with ≥1 hospitalization for pneumonia due to S. aureus | 66 (0.03) | 25 (1.5) | 9 (1.3) | 43.25 (27.23, 68.70) | <.001 | 38.13 (18.93, 76.81) | <.001 |
| No. (%) of patients with ≥1 hospitalization for pneumonia due to P. aeruginosa | 32 (0.02) | 17 (1.0) | 30 (4.4) | 60.38 (33.46, 108.94) | <.001 | 270.47 (163.40, 447.69) | <.001 |
CI confidence interval, ICU intensive care unit
aOdds ratio (OR) from Chi-square test is used for categorical variables, negative binomial models are used to test for differences between means for count variables (number of events and length of stay). Statistical comparisons are comparing Cohort 3 (pneumonia due to S. aureus) with Cohort 1 (no pneumonia, reference group); ie, Difference = mean (Cohort 3) − mean (Cohort 1) and OR = Odds (Cohort 3)/Odds (Cohort 1)
bOdds ratio (OR) from Chi-square test is used for categorical variables, negative binomial models are used to test for differences between means for count variables (number of events and length of stay). Statistical comparisons are comparing Cohort 4 (pneumonia due to P. aeruginosa) to Cohort 1 (no pneumonia, reference group); ie, Difference = mean (Cohort 4) – mean (Cohort 1) and OR = Odds (Cohort 4)/Odds (Cohort 1)
cPost-index utilization results include only patients who survived to the end of the 30 or 90 day post-discharge period