Table 1.

Effects of caffeine on body composition as determined by DXA

	CT (N = 17)	CF1 (N = 16)	CF2 (N = 14)
Fat
Mass (g)	44.0 ± 6.0	31.3 ± 7.1***	29.1 ± 4.2***
% of TBM	17.9 ± 2.2	16.2 ± 2.6	16.1 ± 2.5
LBM
Mass (g)	194.6 ± 13.2	153.9 ± 10.2***	146.6 ± 13.9***
% of TBM	79.2 ± 0.51	80.6 ± 1.41	80.9 ± 1.56
BMC (g)
Whole body	7.31 ± 0.51	5.72 ± 0.47***	5.44 ± 0.30***
Lumbar	0.37 ± 0.03	0.30 ± 0.03***	0.28 ± 0.03***
Femur
Mean	0.24 ± 0.03	0.21 ± 0.01***	0.20 ± 0.02***
Right	0.24 ± 0.02	0.20 ± 0.02***	0.20 ± 0.02***
Left	0.25 ± 0.03	0.21 ± 0.01***	0.20 ± 0.02***
Tibia
Mean	0.17 ± 0.02	0.14 ± 0.02***	0.14 ± 0.02**
Right	0.17 ± 0.02	0.14 ± 0.02***	0.14 ± 0.02**
Left	0.17 ± 0.02	0.14 ± 0.02**	0.14 ± 0.02**
BMD (g cm−2)
Whole body	0.144 ± 0.01	0.127 ± 0.01***	0.121 ± 0.01***
Lumbar	0.249 ± 0.02	0.231 ± 0.01**	0.224 ± 0.01***
Femur
Mean	0.273 ± 0.01	0.269 ± 0.01	0.260 ± 0.01**†
Right	0.274 ± 0.01	0.269 ± 0.01	0.263 ± 0.01*
Left	0.272 ± 0.01	0.270 ± 0.01	0.257 ± 0.01**,†
Tibia
Mean	0.195 ± 0.01	0.182 ± 0.01*	0.179 ± 0.01**
Right	0.195 ± 0.01	0.182 ± 0.02*	0.179 ± 0.01**
Left	0.195 ± 0.02	0.182 ± 0.01*	0.179 ± 0.01*

BMC, bone mineral content; BMD, bone mineral density; CF1, caffeine 120 mg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹; CF2, caffeine 180 mg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹; CT, control; fat %, total body fat divided by TBM; LBM, lean body mass; LBM %, LBM divided by TBM; TBM, total body mass.

Values are expressed as mean ± SD.

^*P < 0.05,

^**P < 0.01,

^***P < 0.001 vs. CT.

^†P < 0.05, CF1 vs. CF2.