Table 1.
Summary of GLMs for the effects of warming (W) and grazing (G) on sward height, sward coverage, plant litter mass, nitrogen (N) concentration in graminoids, larval growth rate, pupal weight, potential fecundity, overwintering survival rate, pupal density, and reductions induced by Gynaephora menyuanensis in aboveground biomass (AGB) and graminoid cover
| Index | Source | df | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sward height | W | 1,12 | 3.26 | 0.096 |
| G | 1,12 | 49.33 | <0.001* | |
| W × G | 1,12 | 0.64 | 0.438 | |
| Sward coverage | W | 1,12 | 0.95 | 0.348 |
| G | 1,12 | 15.86 | 0.002* | |
| W × G | 1,12 | 0.11 | 0.751 | |
| Plant litter mass | W | 1,12 | 1.06 | 0.323 |
| G | 1,12 | 35.61 | <0.001* | |
| W × G | 1,12 | 12.17 | 0.004* | |
| N in graminoids | W | 1,12 | 4.01 | 0.068 |
| G | 1,12 | 60.13 | <0.001* | |
| W × G | 1,12 | 0.53 | 0.483 | |
| Larval growth rate | W | 1,12 | 2.76 | 0.122 |
| G | 1,12 | 25.38 | <0.001* | |
| W × G | 1,12 | 2.71 | 0.126 | |
| Pupal weight | Sex | 1,155 | 343.92 | <0.001* |
| W | 1,155 | 2.10 | 0.149 | |
| G | 1,155 | 33.29 | <0.001* | |
| W × G | 1,155 | 0.001 | 0.983 | |
| Potential fecundity | W | 1,77 | 2.33 | 0.131 |
| G | 1,77 | 21.06 | <0.001* | |
| W × G | 1,77 | 0.01 | 0.931 | |
| Overwintering survival rate | W | 1,12 | 0.001 | 0.977 |
| G | 1,12 | 2.27 | 0.158 | |
| W × G | 1,12 | 0.20 | 0.666 | |
| Pupal density | W | 1,12 | 0.97 | 0.345 |
| G | 1,12 | 33.51 | <0.001* | |
| W × G | 1,12 | 1.44 | 0.254 | |
| Reduction in AGB | W | 1,12 | 2.48 | 0.142 |
| G | 1,12 | 163.30 | <0.001* | |
| W × G | 1,12 | 7.33 | 0.019* | |
| Reduction in graminoid cover | W | 1,12 | 0.42 | 0.530 |
| G | 1,12 | 91.35 | <0.001* | |
| W × G | 1,12 | 2.83 | 0.119 |
*
P ≤ 0.05.